{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T14:25:28Z","timestamp":1788445528077,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Short-term low-fermentable oligo-, di-, and monosaccharide and polyol (FODMAP) diets can reduce exercise-associated gastrointestinal symptoms (Ex-GIS); however, their effects on the gut microbiome, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), and gastrointestinal biomarkers remain unclear. This study explored the effects of 48 h dietary FODMAP manipulation within a high-carbohydrate diet on faecal bacterial and SCFA profiles, and their relationships with exercise-induced gastrointestinal syndrome (EIGS) biomarkers, Ex-GIS, and performance. Methods: Twelve endurance athletes experiencing Ex-GIS were randomly allocated to a 48 h high-carbohydrate (mean \u00b1 SD: 12.1 \u00b1 1.8 g\u2219d\u22121)\u2013high-FODMAP (HC-HFOD) (54.8 \u00b1 10.5 g\u2219d\u22121) and a 48 h high-carbohydrate\u2013low-FODMAP (HC-LFOD) (3.0 \u00b1 0.2 g\u2219d\u22121) diet before 2 h of running at 60% V\u02d9O2max, followed by a 1 h distance test (22.9 \u00b1 1.2 \u00b0C, 46 \u00b1 8% RH). Baseline faecal samples were collected before exercise trials to determine faecal bacterial and SCFA profiles. Blood samples were collected pre- and post-exercise to determine plasma I-FABP, sCD14, and CRP concentrations. Ex-GIS were recorded every 15 min throughout exercise. Results: Faecal bacterial \u03b1-diversity and relative abundance (RA%) at the phylum level were unchanged following both diets, while several family- and genus-level taxa RA% values were changed (p &lt; 0.05), with greater shifts after HC-HFOD. HC-HFOD significantly increased faecal total-SCFA (p = 0.004), acetic (p = 0.002), and butyric (p = 0.028) acid concentrations. Strong positive and negative correlations between bacterial RA% and EIGS biomarkers and Ex-GIS were observed. Strong negative correlations with bacterial RA% and performance were observed. Conclusions: The 48 h HC-HFOD resulted in greater increases in bacterial RA% and SCFA concentrations compared with baseline. Bacterial RA% correlated bidirectionally with EIGS biomarkers and Ex-GIS, alongside strong negative associations with performance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18121886","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T01:52:08Z","timestamp":1781229128000},"page":"1886","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Faecal Bacterial and Short-Chain Fatty Acid Profiles in Response to 48 h FODMAP Intervention Prior to Endurance Exercise"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4293-1834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rachel","family":"Scrivin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports and Health Faculty, Toi Ohomai Institute of Technology, Tauranga 3112, New Zealand"},{"name":"School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition Dietetics & Food, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0289-7857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kayla","family":"Henningsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition Dietetics & Food, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2753-7847","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gary","family":"Slater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health, University of the Sunshine Coast, Sippy Downs, QLD 4556, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6530-8557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rebekah","family":"Henry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dovile","family":"Anderson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Proteomics and Metabolomics Platform, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3069-486X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ricardo J. S.","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition Dietetics & Food, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3168, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"387","DOI":"10.1123\/ijsnem.2022-0048","article-title":"Assessment of Exercise-Associated Gastrointestinal Perturbations in Research and Practical Settings: Methodological Concerns and Recommendations for Best Practice","volume":"32","author":"Costa","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Sport Nutr. Exerc. Metab."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gaskell, S.K., Henningsen, K., Young, P., Gill, P., Muir, J., Henry, R., and Costa, R.J.S. (2023). 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