{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T17:10:36Z","timestamp":1785431436431,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,5]],"date-time":"2026-07-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100013209","name":"European Union\u2014Next Generation EU","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["016713"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["016713"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100013209","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["016713"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["016713"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/019w4f821","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives:\u00a0Ceratonia siliqua L. (carob) is a rich source of bioactive compounds with potential health-promoting properties. This study investigated the kinetics of serum metabolites following the consumption of a carob beverage and evaluated associated changes in circulating antioxidant status. Methods: Fifteen apparently healthy adult men completed an acute postprandial intervention; only male participants were included to minimize the biological variability related to sex-dependent differences in phytochemical kinetics and antioxidant responses. Participants consumed a beverage from carob pod powder (30 g) dispersed in water (200 mL). Blood samples were collected at baseline and every 30 min for 6 h following intake. Serum metabolic profiling was performed using a non-targeted liquid chromatography\u2013time-of-flight mass spectrometry (LC-TOF-MS) approach. Antioxidant responses were assessed by measuring ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and serum resistance to copper sulphate-induced oxidation. Results: Twenty-four putative metabolites were detected, including phenolic compounds, fatty acids, amino acids, dipeptides, monosaccharides, pyridoxine, and gut microbiota-derived metabolites. Urolithin B appeared at 30 min (28.0 \u00b1 4.0 \u00d7 102 a.u.), while p-cresol sulfate increased from 53.3 \u00b1 6.5 \u00d7 102 a.u. at baseline to 130.0 \u00b1 7.0 \u00d7 102 a.u. at 30 min. FRAP values did not change significantly over time (p = 0.332), whereas oxidation lag time showed a significant time effect (p = 0.001), reaching its highest mean at 180 min (9093.5 \u00b1 1885.1 s). Conclusions: Carob beverage consumption resulted in a diverse postprandial serum metabolite profile. Antioxidant responses appeared to be only partly explained by circulating phenolics, suggesting that additional pathways and bioactive constituents may contribute.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18132190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T10:43:11Z","timestamp":1783334591000},"page":"2190","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Postprandial Metabolite and Antioxidant Kinetics Following Intake of a Carob Beverage in Healthy Males"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2741-2761","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stamatia-Angeliki","family":"Kleftaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 70 El. Venizelou Ave., 17676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thalia","family":"Tsiaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, Agiou Spyridonos, 12243 Egaleo, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2014-5392","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Charalampia","family":"Amerikanou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 70 El. Venizelou Ave., 17676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Demetra","family":"Sigala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 70 El. Venizelou Ave., 17676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7913-8376","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aikaterini","family":"Mavroudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 70 El. Venizelou Ave., 17676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria-Myrto","family":"Karagiorgou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 70 El. Venizelou Ave., 17676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Altenisa","family":"Kuci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 70 El. Venizelou Ave., 17676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3242-9066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chara","family":"Tzavara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 70 El. Venizelou Ave., 17676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2523-7559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasiliki","family":"Dima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, Agiou Spyridonos, 12243 Egaleo, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-6423-2916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Morfiadaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, Agiou Spyridonos, 12243 Egaleo, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4869-6815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aristea","family":"Gioxari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 70 El. Venizelou Ave., 17676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Panagiotis","family":"Zoumpoulakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food Science and Technology, University of West Attica, Agiou Spyridonos, 12243 Egaleo, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andriana C.","family":"Kaliora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University of Athens, 70 El. Venizelou Ave., 17676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"522","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2017.06.088","article-title":"Chemical constituents and pharmacological actions of carob pods and leaves (Ceratonia siliqua L.) on the gastrointestinal tract: A review","volume":"93","author":"Rtibi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104744","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jfca.2022.104744","article-title":"HPLC-ESI-HRMS and chemometric analysis of carob polyphenols\u2014Technological and geographical parameters affecting their phenolic composition","volume":"114","author":"Christou","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Food Compos. 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