{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T16:12:39Z","timestamp":1783699959960,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Nestl\u00e9 Nutrition and Health"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Cow\u2019s milk allergy (CMA) is one of the most frequent food allergies in early childhood, yet its diagnosis remains a challenge. The Parent-Specific Cow\u2019s Milk-Related Symptom Score (Pre-CoMiSS\u2122) was developed in 2024 to assist parents in tracking possible cow\u2019s milk-related symptoms in their infants. The aim of this qualitative study was to explore users\u2019 experience with the Pre-CoMiSS\u2122 tool, learn from their experience and identify areas for improvement. Methods: Participants were parents of infants aged up to 12 months who felt that their babies were experiencing possible feeding-related symptoms. Participants were selected from a local panel of potential parents in the UK and Sweden. Forty-five-minute interviews, led by experienced qualitative research moderators, were conducted using dedicated discussion guides and a frame-by-frame PDF version of the Pre-CoMiSS\u2122 tool. Thematic analysis of the data was undertaken. Results: A total of 20 parents participated, 10 from the UK and 10 from Sweden. The Pre-CoMiSS\u2122 tool was well received by parents from both countries. Parents found the tool\u2019s results clear, useful, and easy to understand. However, some parents, especially from Sweden, expressed the need for additional guidance on next steps. Conclusions: Parents found the Pre-CoMiSS\u2122 tool acceptable and easy to use, although some requested clearer guidance on next steps. These findings support further refinement and formal validation before clinical implementation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18142263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T15:13:36Z","timestamp":1783696416000},"page":"2263","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Qualitative Study Evaluating the Parent-Specific Cow\u2019s Milk-Related Symptom Score (Pre-CoMiSS\u2122)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1862-8651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yvan","family":"Vandenplas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"KidZ Health Castle, UZ Brussel, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1090 Brussels, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3713-5064","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kate\u0159ina","family":"Bajerov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Brno, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 62500 Brno, Czech Republic"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4943-6329","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christophe","family":"Dupont","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinique Marcel Sembat, Ramsay Group, 92100 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikael","family":"Kuitunen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Hospital, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosan","family":"Meyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Nowak-Wegrzyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hassenfeld Children\u2019s Hospital, Department of Pediatrics, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10719 Olsztyn, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Ribes Koninckx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coeliac Disease and Immunopathology Research Unit, La Fe Hospital Research Institute, 46026 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4339-556X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Salvatore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine and Technological Innovation, Pediatric Unit, University of Insubria, 21100 Varese, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4287-3681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raanan","family":"Shamir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children\u2019s Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva 4920235, Israel"},{"name":"Gray Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0586-1339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annamaria","family":"Staiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d, 80138 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hania","family":"Szajewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carina","family":"Venter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Children\u2019s Hospital Colorado, University of Colorado, Aurora, CO 80045, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sue","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nestl\u00e9 Nutrition and Health, 1800 Vevey, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catherine","family":"Couchepin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ipsos SA, 1219 Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100646","DOI":"10.1016\/j.waojou.2022.100646","article-title":"World Allergy Organization (WAO) Diagnosis and Rationale for Action against Cow\u2019s Milk Allergy (DRACMA) Guideline update\u2014XIV\u2014Recommendations on CMA immunotherapy","volume":"15","author":"Brozek","year":"2022","journal-title":"World Allergy Organ. 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