{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T08:03:26Z","timestamp":1784189006134,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aim: Asprosin, a white adipose tissue-derived glucogenic adipokine, and spexin, a satiety-promoting neuropeptide, are dysregulated in obesity, yet their collective modulation by structured exercise and nutritional supplementation remains poorly characterized. This trial investigated the effects of 12 weeks of combined aerobic\u2013resistance training, with and without taurine supplementation, on plasma asprosin, spexin, and body composition in obese men. Methods: Forty-four obese men (BMI \u2265 30 kg\/m2) were allocated in a randomized, placebo-controlled, supplement-blinded design to control plus placebo (CON), taurine supplementation alone (SUP; 3 g\/day), exercise plus placebo (EX), or exercise plus taurine (EX + SUP; n = 11 per group). The 12-week protocol combined aerobic training at 60% heart rate reserve (Karvonen formula) with progressive resistance training at 60% of one-repetition maximum, with load re-estimated every four weeks. Plasma asprosin and spexin were quantified by ELISA; body fat percentage (BFP) was assessed by bioelectrical impedance analysis. Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA with Bonferroni post hoc correction and Cohen\u2019s d effect size estimation were applied throughout. Results: Significant Group \u00d7 Time interactions were detected for all five outcomes (all p &lt; 0.05). EX + SUP generated the greatest reductions in plasma asprosin (\u0394 = \u221211.20 ng\/mL, p &lt; 0.001), body mass (\u0394 = \u22125.50 kg, p = 0.003), BMI (\u0394 = \u22121.80 kg\/m2, p = 0.002), and BFP (\u0394 = \u22124.90%, p &lt; 0.001), together with the greatest elevation in plasma spexin (\u0394 = +0.29 ng\/mL, p &lt; 0.001); effect sizes were large across all EX + SUP outcomes (Cohen\u2019s d = 1.17 to \u22651.87). CON showed no significant change in any variable (all p &gt; 0.05). Conclusions: Combined aerobic\u2013resistance training with taurine supplementation produced statistically superior, large-magnitude improvements in adipokine regulation and body composition relative to either modality in isolation, demonstrating greater improvements in the combined intervention group compared with either modality applied independently. Given the per-group sample of n = 11, these findings should be considered preliminary and exploratory; independent replication in larger, adequately powered trials is required before any clinical translation can be considered.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18142325","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]],"date-time":"2026-07-16T06:49:36Z","timestamp":1784184576000},"page":"2325","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Combined Aerobic\u2013Resistance Training and Taurine Supplementation Reduce Asprosin and Elevate Spexin in Men with Obesity: A 12-Week Supplement-Blinded, Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3069-160X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saber","family":"Saedmocheshi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj 66177-15175, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6221-546X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wissem","family":"Dhahbi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit \u201cSport Sciences, Health and Movement\u201d, High Institute of Sports and Physical Education of Kef, University of Jendouba, Kef 7100, Tunisia"},{"name":"Training Department, Police College, Qatar Police Academy, Doha 7157, Qatar"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2458-6256","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ayoub","family":"Saeidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj 66177-15175, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amir","family":"Rahmani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj 66177-15175, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Park, S., and Shimokawa, I. 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