{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T12:01:17Z","timestamp":1784721677661,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784505600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Genomic testing for rare, highly penetrant cardiovascular pathogenic mutations is well established, but its scarcity limits broader clinical utility. As cardiogenomics matures, common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk are increasingly accessible to clinicians and patients through both clinician-ordered and direct-to-consumer (DTC) platforms. This narrative review synthesizes evidence for six common loci\u2014APOA1, APOE, LIPC, LPL, ANGPTL3, and FADS1\/2, here termed \u201ccandidate-actionable\u201d in the limited sense that genotype-by-diet associations have been described, but the full chain of analytical validity, clinical validity, clinical utility, and evidence-supported management has not been demonstrated\u2014that modulate lipid metabolism and CVD risk and that show genotype-by-diet interactions in observational and small interventional studies. We frame these loci as complementary to validated polygenic risk scores (PRSs), discuss two illustrative epistatic axes (APOE \u03b54 \u00d7 FADS major T-allele; ANGPTL3 \u00d7 LPL), summarize emerging epigenetic modulators of the same loci, and propose an integrated framework combining PRS, locus-level SNPs, and epigenetic state. All locus-specific dietary considerations are explicitly framed as hypothesis-generating pending validation in adequately powered, genotype-stratified prospective trials. A comparison of consumer and clinical testing platforms\u2014updated to reflect recent ownership and regulatory changes\u2014is provided.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18142370","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T10:44:02Z","timestamp":1784544242000},"page":"2370","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Common Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in Clinical Cardiology and Dietary Intervention: A Narrative Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Jacob Michael","family":"Hands","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-5092-5681","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin","family":"Blain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Office of Integrative Medicine and Health, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sahar","family":"Swidan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Office of Integrative Medicine and Health, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1475-2778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leigh A.","family":"Frame","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Office of Integrative Medicine and Health, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1883","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.07.079","article-title":"Genomic risk prediction of coronary artery disease in 480,000 adults: Implications for primary prevention","volume":"72","author":"Inouye","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. 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