{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T17:13:42Z","timestamp":1786122822352,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Cognitive fatigue and impaired psychomotor function may contribute to reductions in football-specific performance during prolonged match-like activity. This study evaluated cognitive, psychomotor, sprint, and football-specific locomotor responses to multi-ingredient protocols containing taurine, caffeine, and either 300 or 600 mg\u00b7day\u22121 of phosphatidylserine in professional male football players. Methods: In this randomized, triple-masked, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial, 97 professional male football players were allocated to placebo (PLA, n = 24), taurine plus caffeine (TC, n = 24), taurine plus caffeine plus phosphatidylserine 300 mg\u00b7day\u22121 (TCP-300, n = 24), or taurine plus caffeine plus phosphatidylserine 600 mg\u00b7day\u22121 (TCP-600, n = 25) for 14 days. Taurine and caffeine doses were 1500 mg\u00b7day\u22121 and 200 mg\u00b7day\u22121, respectively. Outcomes included 30 m sprint performance, visual and auditory reaction time, Stroop-task performance, perceived mental fatigue, GPS-derived locomotor variables, and post-intervention first-to-second-half performance-loss indices during a standardized football-specific exercise protocol. Results: The baseline-adjusted ANCOVA demonstrated a significant treatment-group effect on post-intervention 30 m sprint time. After Holm\u2013Bonferroni correction, significant treatment-related effects remained for Stroop reaction time, visual reaction time, and perceived mental fatigue. No statistically significant treatment-related effect was observed for auditory reaction time (unadjusted p = 0.074; Holm-adjusted p = 0.096). During the post-intervention standardized football-specific protocol, baseline-adjusted GPS-derived locomotor outcomes differed significantly between groups. First-to-second-half performance-loss indices also differed between groups, with the smallest post-intervention losses generally observed in TCP-600. Because comparable decline indices were unavailable at baseline, these findings do not represent intervention-related changes in fatigue resistance. Conclusions: Under the present 14-day experimental conditions, the multi-ingredient protocols containing taurine, caffeine, and phosphatidylserine were associated with more favorable selected cognitive and psychomotor outcomes, 30 m sprint performance, and baseline-adjusted GPS-derived locomotor outcomes than placebo. The groups also differed in post-intervention first-to-second-half performance loss during the standardized football-specific protocol. Because corresponding decline indices were not assessed at baseline, these findings do not demonstrate an intervention-related improvement in fatigue resistance. Numerically more favorable values were observed for several outcomes in TCP-600; however, differences between TCP-300 and TCP-600 were modest and not consistently statistically significant, and the study was not specifically powered to establish a dose\u2013response relationship. Because phosphatidylserine was not tested independently, these findings should be interpreted as responses to the combined multi-ingredient supplementation protocols rather than as effects of phosphatidylserine alone.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18162588","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]],"date-time":"2026-08-07T11:44:53Z","timestamp":1786103093000},"page":"2588","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Football-Specific Performance and Cognitive Fatigue Resistance Following Supplementation with Two Phosphatidylserine Doses Combined with Taurine and Caffeine in Professional Male Football Players: A Randomized, Triple-Masked, Placebo-Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4875-9668","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krzysztof","family":"Mizera","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical & Health Sciences, VIZJA University in Warsaw, 01-143 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dominik","family":"Mazurek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medical & Health Sciences, VIZJA University in Warsaw, 01-143 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"\u015al\u0105sk Wroc\u0142aw Football Club, 54-118 Wroc\u0142aw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7499-1471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analytical Chemistry, Nutrition and Food Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, University of Alicante, 00-968 Warszawa, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9829-0872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"K\u0119ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Biology, J\u00f3zef Pi\u0142sudski University of Physical Education in Warsaw, 00-968 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14082","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.14082","article-title":"The soccer season: Performance variations and evolutionary trends","volume":"10","author":"Silva","year":"2022","journal-title":"PeerJ"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"519","DOI":"10.1080\/0264041031000071182","article-title":"Match performance of high-standard soccer players with special reference to development of fatigue","volume":"21","author":"Mohr","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. 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