{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T17:31:19Z","timestamp":1786469479062,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786406400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"MDL Fonds \u2013 Dutch Digestive Health Fund","award":["WOO 23-07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["WOO 23-07"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) frequently experience food-related symptoms and express a strong need for dietary guidance, yet evidence-based recommendations remain limited. This often leads to self-imposed dietary restrictions, potentially compromising nutritional intake and food-related quality of life (Fr-QoL). The primary aim of this study was to evaluate changes in Fr-QoL, following personalized feedback on an IBD-specific food frequency questionnaire and access to an online nutritional knowledge portal over a 6-month period. Secondary exploratory outcomes included changes in dietary intake and diet quality. Methods: In this nationwide pre\u2013post study, 108 patients with IBD completed baseline and 6-month assessments. Dietary intake was measured using the validated GINQ-FFQ and Fr-QoL using a 29-item questionnaire. Nutrient intake was compared with EFSA reference values. Participants received automated personalized feedback and had access to educational tools and dietitian resources. Changes over time were analyzed using paired statistical tests. Results: A significant improvement in Fr-QoL was observed (mean difference 8.1 points, 95% CI 5.5\u201310.7; p &lt; 0.001; Cohen\u2019s d = 0.39). Baseline intake was characterized by high fat and low fiber consumption. After 6 months, total energy intake decreased (p &lt; 0.001), along with reductions in protein, fat, carbohydrates, fiber, and several micronutrients, including iron, folate, vitamin B6, vitamin C, potassium, magnesium, and zinc. Diet quality did not improve, and adherence to EFSA guidelines remained suboptimal. The digital tools were positively evaluated. Conclusions: In this single-arm pre\u2013post study, Fr-QoL scores were higher at follow-up than at baseline among participants who completed both assessments, whereas dietary intake and overall diet quality did not improve. The findings support the feasibility and acceptability of the developed digital tools for dietary assessment and nutrition education, although their effectiveness requires further evaluation in controlled studies. Additional strategies, including structured dietitian-led support combined with digital resources, may be required to optimize nutritional outcomes in patients with IBD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18162626","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T16:30:32Z","timestamp":1786465832000},"page":"2626","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Dietary Analyses and Personalized Advice in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: The DAPA Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8111-6026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marjo J. E.","family":"Campmans-Kuijpers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4563-7462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gerard","family":"Dijkstra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University Medical Centre Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Groningen, 9712 CP Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gtc.2017.08.011","article-title":"Vitamins and Minerals in Inflammatory Bowel Disease","volume":"46","author":"Ghishan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.12182","article-title":"Assessment of Patients\u2019 Understanding of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Development and Validation of a Questionnaire","volume":"10","author":"Ostromohov","year":"2022","journal-title":"United Eur. Gastroenterol. J."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2195","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-019-02170-4","article-title":"Food-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and Irritable Bowel Syndrome","volume":"28","author":"Guadagnoli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Qual. Life Res."},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"384","article-title":"Exclusive Enteral Nutrition for Inducing Remission in Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Paediatric Patients","volume":"20","author":"Assa","year":"2017","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.crohns.2014.04.005","article-title":"Consensus Guidelines of ECCO\/ESPGHAN on the Medical Management of Pediatric Crohn\u2019s Disease","volume":"8","author":"Ruemmele","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Crohn\u2019s Colitis"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1353","DOI":"10.1097\/MIB.0000000000000110","article-title":"Partial Enteral Nutrition with a Crohn\u2019s Disease Exclusion Diet Is Effective for Induction of Remission in Children and Young Adults with Crohn\u2019s Disease","volume":"20","author":"Segal","year":"2014","journal-title":"Inflamm. Bowel Dis."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1205","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjx071","article-title":"Dietary Therapy with the Crohn\u2019s Disease Exclusion Diet Is a Successful Strategy for Induction of Remission in Children and Adults Failing Biological Therapy","volume":"11","author":"Boneh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Crohn\u2019s Colitis"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2017-315866","article-title":"Evolving Role of Diet in the Pathogenesis and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases","volume":"1","author":"Levine","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"40","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13695","article-title":"Use of the Low-FODMAP Diet in Inflammatory Bowel Disease","volume":"32","author":"Gibson","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1155\/2012\/735386","article-title":"The Information Needs and Preferences of Persons with Longstanding Inflammatory Bowel Disease","volume":"26","author":"Wong","year":"2012","journal-title":"Can. J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barth, I., Stevens, C.L., Peters, V., Lucassen, D.A., Feskens, E.J.M., Dijkstra, G., and Campmans-Kuijpers, M.J.E. (2025). Relative Validity of the Groningen IBD Nutritional Questionnaire (GINQ-FFQ): A Food Frequency Questionnaire Designed to Assess Nutritional Intake in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Nutrients, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu17020239"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Peters, V., Alizadeh, B.Z., de Vries, J.H.M., Dijkstra, G., and Campmans-Kuijpers, M.J.E. (2019). Nutritional Assessment in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)\u2014Development of the Groningen IBD Nutritional Questionnaires (GINQ). Nutrients, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11112739"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)31327-2","article-title":"Telemedicine for Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (MyIBDcoach): A Pragmatic, Multicentre, Randomised Controlled Trial","volume":"390","author":"Becx","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"194","DOI":"10.1093\/ecco-jcc\/jjv192","article-title":"Food-Related Quality of Life in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Development and Validation of a Questionnaire","volume":"10","author":"Hughes","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Crohns Colitis"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) (2017). Dietary Reference Values for Nutrients Summary Report. EFSA J., 14, e15121E.","DOI":"10.2903\/sp.efsa.2017.e15121"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1689","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980013002115","article-title":"Designing and Developing a Literature-Derived, Population-Based Dietary Inflammatory Index","volume":"17","author":"Shivappa","year":"2014","journal-title":"Public Health Nutr."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"163","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/82.1.163","article-title":"Diet-Quality Scores and Plasma Concentrations of Markers of Inflammation and Endothelial Dysfunction","volume":"82","author":"Fung","year":"2005","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Willett, W. (2012). Nutritional Epidemiology, Oxford University Press.","DOI":"10.1093\/acprof:oso\/9780199754038.001.0001"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2004-813867","article-title":"Patient Education in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Does Not Influence Patients Knowledge and Long-Term Psychosocial Well-Being","volume":"43","author":"Bregenzer","year":"2005","journal-title":"Z. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2769","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32448-0","article-title":"Worldwide Incidence and Prevalence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the 21st Century: A Systematic Review of Population-Based Studies","volume":"390","author":"Ng","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-020-02250-z","article-title":"Habitual Dietary Intake of IBD Patients Differs from Population Controls: A Case\u2013Control Study","volume":"60","author":"Peters","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jand.2020.12.001","article-title":"The Adequacy of Habitual Dietary Fiber Intake in Individuals with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review","volume":"121","author":"Day","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Acad. Nutr. Diet."}],"container-title":["Nutrients"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/18\/16\/2626\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]],"date-time":"2026-08-11T16:34:20Z","timestamp":1786466060000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/18\/16\/2626"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["nu18162626"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu18162626","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6643"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6643","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,11]]}}}