{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:00:22Z","timestamp":1787029222197,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]],"date-time":"2026-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Central Guidance on Local Science and Technology Development Fund of Fujian Province","award":["2024L3006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024L3006"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003392","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2026J009039"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2026J009039"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003392","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023J01490"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023J01490"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003392","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2019J01408"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019J01408"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003392","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32272938"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32272938"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["32272938"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32272938"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"China Agriculture Research System of MOF, and MARA","award":["CARS-44"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS-44"]}]},{"award":["CARS-44"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CARS-44"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03p5eky76","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program","award":["202610389002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202610389002"]}]},{"name":"Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program","award":["202510389389"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202510389389"]}]},{"name":"Undergraduate Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program","award":["20260430003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20260430003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Gastric cancer (GC) remains a major global health challenge, highlighting the need for safe and effective bioactive compounds for prevention and treatment. Although 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA)\u2014a distinctive bioactive fatty component of royal jelly\u2014has demonstrated anticancer activity in several malignancies, its efficacy and underlying mechanisms in GC remain poorly understood. In the present study, the anticancer activity of 10-HDA was systematically investigated in human GC MKN-45 cells. Methods: MKN-45 cells were treated with 10-HDA across a concentration range of 0.09\u20131.50 mM. Cell viability, proliferation, and clonogenic growth were evaluated using MTT, scratch wound assay, and colony formation assays. Apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry and Western blotting. To explore the underlying molecular mechanisms, transcriptome analysis was conducted, and the results were further validated using flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting. Results: Treatment with 10-HDA significantly inhibited cell viability, proliferation, and clonogenic growth in a dose- and time-dependent manner, with IC50 values of 1.24 \u00b1 0.15 mM, 0.96 \u00b1 0.08 mM, and 0.42 \u00b1 0.06 mM at 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h, respectively. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that apoptosis was markedly induced, with the apoptotic rate increasing from 21.3% in control cells to 78.1% following treatment with 1.50 mM 10-HDA. This was accompanied by upregulation of BAX, downregulation of Bcl-2, and increased activation of caspase-3. Transcriptomic profiling identified significant alterations in DNA replication- and cell cycle-related pathways. Consistently, experimental validation demonstrated that 10-HDA induced pronounced G0\/G1-phase cell cycle arrest; downregulation of CDK2 and cyclin D1; reduced retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation; and upregulation of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor CDKN1A. Conclusions: These findings demonstrate that 10-HDA suppresses the malignant phenotype of gastric cancer cells by coordinated activation of apoptosis and cell cycle blockade. Although further in vivo studies and pharmacological experiments are required to evaluate its bioavailability and therapeutic potential, this study provides preliminary mechanistic insights into the effects of 10-HDA on gastric cancer cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18162670","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T10:04:36Z","timestamp":1786961076000},"page":"2670","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["10-HDA Suppresses the Growth of Gastric Cancer Cells Through Inducing Apoptosis and G0\/G1 Cell Cycle Arrest"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Lei","family":"Huang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"},{"name":"College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tianxing","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"},{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shoujie","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anqi","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuqi","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenyu","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0351-3763","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Songkun","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"},{"name":"College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"},{"name":"College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"338","DOI":"10.1038\/s41571-023-00747-0","article-title":"Global burden of gastric cancer: Epidemiological trends, risk factors, screening and prevention","volume":"20","author":"Thrift","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Clin. Oncol."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"229","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2022: Globocan estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"74","author":"Bray","year":"2024","journal-title":"CA A Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2025.20034","article-title":"Gastric cancer: A review","volume":"335","author":"Patel","year":"2026","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_4","first-page":"264","article-title":"Current treatment and recent progress in gastric cancer","volume":"71","author":"Joshi","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA A Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116310","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2024.116310","article-title":"Deciphering drug resistance in gastric cancer: Potential mechanisms and future perspectives","volume":"173","author":"Liu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117853","DOI":"10.1016\/j.foodres.2025.117853","article-title":"Natural sources of bioactive compounds: Recent advances in isolation, functionalization, and health benefits","volume":"223","author":"Gerardo","year":"2026","journal-title":"Food Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sun, M., Zang, D., and Chen, J. (2025). Bioactive components and delivery strategies of food-medicine homologous substances in lung cancer therapy: Current advances and clinical translation. Front. Nutr., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2025.1696289"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Sayago-Ayerdi, S., Garc\u00eda-Mart\u00ednez, D.L., Ram\u00edrez-Castillo, A.C., Ram\u00edrez-Concepci\u00f3n, H.R., and Viuda-Martos, M. (2021). Tropical fruits and their co-products as bioactive compounds and their health effects: A review. Foods, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/foods10081952"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115976","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2023.115976","article-title":"Polysaccharides regulate Th1\/Th2 balance: A new strategy for tumor immunotherapy","volume":"170","author":"Shang","year":"2024","journal-title":"Biomed. Pharmacother."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"100930","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpha.2023.12.020","article-title":"New perspectives on the therapeutic potential of quercetin in non-communicable diseases: Targeting Nrf2 to counteract oxidative stress and inflammation","volume":"14","author":"Zhang","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Pharm. Anal."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4346","DOI":"10.1002\/ptr.70366","article-title":"Curcumin alleviates bone cancer pain by inhibiting satellite glial cell activity via janus Kinase 1\/signal transducer and transcription 3 pathway activator","volume":"40","author":"Jiang","year":"2026","journal-title":"Phytother. Res."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20024","DOI":"10.1021\/acsami.6c00187","article-title":"Metal-organic framework DNA hydrogel microspheres enable ferroptosis-based therapy for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"18","author":"Liu","year":"2026","journal-title":"ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3294","DOI":"10.1158\/1535-7163.MCT-06-0483","article-title":"Gallic acid causes inactivating phosphorylation of cdc25A\/cdc25C-cdc2 via ATM-Chk2 activation, leading to cell cycle arrest, and induces apoptosis in human prostate carcinoma DU145 cells","volume":"5","author":"Agarwal","year":"2006","journal-title":"Mol. Cancer Ther."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhang, N., Ren, Y., and Xu, Y. (2025). From laboratory to clinic: Opportunities and challenges of functional food active ingredients in cancer therapy. Front. Nutr., 12.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2025.1627949"},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Farhan, M. (2023). Insights on the role of polyphenols in combating cancer drug resistance. Biomedicines, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/biomedicines11061709"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5652","DOI":"10.1080\/10408398.2024.2418892","article-title":"Recent research directions on functional royal jelly: Highlights prospects in food, nutraceutical, and pharmacological industries","volume":"65","author":"Rababah","year":"2025","journal-title":"Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"El-Seedi, H.R., Eid, N., Abd El-Wahed, A.A., Rateb, M.E., Afifi, H.S., Algethami, A.F., Zhao, C., Al Naggar, Y., Alsharif, S.M., and Tahir, H.E. (2021). Honey bee products: Preclinical and clinical studies of their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Front. Nutr., 8.","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2021.761267"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"865","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.2001.4656","article-title":"Fifty-seven-kDa protein in royal jelly enhances proliferation of primary cultured rat hepatocytes and increases albumin production in the absence of serum","volume":"282","author":"Kamakura","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micres.2016.06.007","article-title":"Royal jelly: An ancient remedy with remarkable antibacterial properties","volume":"192","author":"Fratini","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microbiol. Res."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gasbarri, C., and Angelini, G. (2025). Behind the therapeutic effects of royal jelly: Recent advances in the specific properties of 10-Hydroxydecanoic acid. Molecules, 30.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules30132694"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6833","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.jafc.1c05822","article-title":"Bee products: An emblematic example of underutilized sources of bioactive compounds","volume":"70","author":"Giampieri","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Agric. Food Chem."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.157457","article-title":"10-hydroxydec-2-enoic acid alleviates post-myocardial infarction inflammation and oxidative stress by modulating the TLR4 signaling axis","volume":"148","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"138695","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2025.138695","article-title":"Hepatotoxicity of imidacloprid in zebrafish and the alleviating role of 10-hydroxy-2-decenoi acid: Insights into oxidative stress, inflammation, and gut microbiota","volume":"494","author":"Tang","year":"2025","journal-title":"J. Hazard. Mater."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156816","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2025.156816","article-title":"The neuroprotective effect of 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid in traumatic brain injury by inhibiting copper-mediated neuronal pyroptosis","volume":"142","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1186\/s12906-018-2267-9","article-title":"10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid of royal jelly exhibits bactericide and anti-inflammatory activity in human colon cancer cells","volume":"18","author":"Yang","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Complement. Altern. Med."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3042636","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/3042636","article-title":"10-HDA Induces ROS-mediated apoptosis in A549 human lung cancer cells by regulating the MAPK, STAT3, NF-\u03baB, and TGF-\u03b21 signaling pathways","volume":"2020","author":"Lin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Biomed. Res. Int."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saad Al Shehri, Z., Alanazi, A.D., and Alnomasy, S.F. (2023). Anti-cancer effects of queen bee acid (10-Hydroxy-2-Decenoic Acid) and its cellular mechanisms against human hepatoma cells. Molecules, 28.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules28041972"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Tian, Y., Liu, X., Wang, J., Zhang, C., and Yang, W. (2024). Antitumor effects and the potential mechanism of 10-HDA against SU-DHL-2 Cells. Pharmaceuticals, 17.","DOI":"10.3390\/ph17081088"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1469","DOI":"10.1093\/abbs\/gmab126","article-title":"Evaluation of antimicrobial and anticancer activities of three peptides identified from the skin secretion of Hylarana latouchii","volume":"53","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Biochim. ET Biophys. Sin."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9250327","DOI":"10.26599\/FSHW.2024.9250327","article-title":"MRJP3-C113, a major royal jelly protein 3-derived fragment, accelerated cutaneous wound healing through RHBDF2-mediated activation of EGFR\/AKT\/mTOR signaling pathway","volume":"14","author":"Huang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Food Sci. Hum. Well"},{"key":"ref_31","first-page":"245","article-title":"American cancer society guideline for diet and physical activity for cancer prevention","volume":"70","author":"Rock","year":"2020","journal-title":"CA A Cancer J. Clin."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1002651","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002651","article-title":"Nutritional quality of food as represented by the FSAm-NPS nutrient profiling system underlying the Nutri-Score label and cancer risk in Europe: Results from the EPIC prospective cohort study","volume":"15","author":"Deschasaux","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS Med."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168280","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbadis.2026.168280","article-title":"Curcumin suppresses HNSCC tumorigenesis through directly targeting FOSL1\/JUN","volume":"1872","author":"Li","year":"2026","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Basis Dis."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116074","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fct.2026.116074","article-title":"Curcumin inhibits colorectal cancer progression by regulating MDH2-mediated glycolysis and NAD+ metabolism","volume":"213","author":"Zhao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Food Chem. Toxicol."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153905","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbrc.2026.153905","article-title":"Curcumin and its nano formulation inhibit proliferation and FGF21 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma","volume":"823","author":"Zhao","year":"2026","journal-title":"Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Delgado-Gonzalez, P., Garza-Trevi\u00f1o, E.N., de la Garza Kalife, D.A., Quiroz Reyes, A., and Hern\u00e1ndez-Tob\u00edas, E.A. (2023). Bioactive compounds of dietary origin and their influence on colorectal cancer as chemoprevention. Life, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/life13101977"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Almatroodi, S.A., Alsahli, M.A., and Rahmani, A.H. (2022). Berberine: An important emphasis on its anticancer effects through modulation of various cell signaling pathways. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27185889"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5438179","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/5438179","article-title":"Anticancer activity of sulforaphane: The epigenetic mechanisms and the Nrf2 signaling pathway","volume":"2018","author":"Su","year":"2018","journal-title":"Oxid. Med. Cell Longev."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1270","DOI":"10.1038\/1831270a0","article-title":"Activity of 10-hydroxydecenoic acid from royal jelly against experimental leukaemia and ascitic tumours","volume":"183","author":"Townsend","year":"1959","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16535","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-026-44968-6","article-title":"Royal jelly attenuates DMBA induced preneoplastic lesions in rat mammary gland and Skin","volume":"16","author":"Salehi","year":"2026","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Miyata, Y., and Sakai, H. (2018). Anti-cancer and protective effects of royal jelly for therapy-induced toxicities in malignancies. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms19103270"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"747","DOI":"10.1093\/bbb\/zbac043","article-title":"Royal jelly fatty acids downregulate ANGPTL8 expression through the decrease in HNF4\u03b1 protein in human hepatoma HepG2 cells","volume":"86","author":"Inoue","year":"2022","journal-title":"Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"154940","DOI":"10.1016\/j.phymed.2023.154940","article-title":"Royal jelly acid suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma tumorigenicity by inhibiting H3 histone lactylation at H3K9la and H3K14la sites","volume":"118","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Phytomedicine"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.17113\/ftb.60.02.22.7495","article-title":"Royal jelly and trans-10-Hydroxy-2-Decenoic acid inhibit migration and invasion of colorectal carcinoma cells","volume":"60","year":"2022","journal-title":"Food Technol. Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhi, D., He, X., Xue, Y., Zhao, W., Gong, X., Guo, Y., Luo, X., Tian, Y., and Dong, K. (2025). Royal jelly acid: Preparation, metabolism and therapeutic potential. Front. Pharmacol., 16.","DOI":"10.3389\/fphar.2025.1561351"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1038\/s41568-021-00407-4","article-title":"The manipulation of apoptosis for cancer therapy using BH3-mimetic drugs","volume":"22","author":"Diepstraten","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1038\/s41418-025-01607-3","article-title":"What does BCL-2 do? From new molecular insights to the clinical implications","volume":"33","author":"Croce","year":"2026","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-023-00689-6","article-title":"A guide to cell death pathways","volume":"25","author":"Yuan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-023-00629-4","article-title":"Mechanisms of BCL-2 family proteins in mitochondrial apoptosis","volume":"24","author":"Czabotar","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80434-1","article-title":"Cytochrome c and dATP-dependent formation of Apaf-1\/caspase-9 complex initiates an apoptotic protease cascade","volume":"91","author":"Li","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1093","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2009.44","article-title":"Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring cell death in higher eukaryotes","volume":"16","author":"Galluzzi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2013.01.011","article-title":"Targeting cell cycle regulation in cancer therapy","volume":"138","author":"Miranda","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"74","DOI":"10.1038\/s41580-021-00404-3","article-title":"Cell cycle control in cancer","volume":"23","author":"Matthews","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"713","DOI":"10.1038\/nrm2469","article-title":"Conserved functions of the pRB and E2F families","volume":"9","author":"Dyson","year":"2008","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1443","DOI":"10.3892\/ijmm.2013.1336","article-title":"Electroacupuncture promotes chondrocyte proliferation via accelerated G1\/S transition in the cell cycle","volume":"31","author":"Huang","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int. J. Mol. Med."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2278","DOI":"10.1039\/C4FO00423J","article-title":"Antrodia camphorata induces G(1) cell-cycle arrest in human premyelocytic leukemia (HL-60) cells and suppresses tumor growth in athymic nude mice","volume":"5","author":"Yang","year":"2014","journal-title":"Food Funct."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1646","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-024-2844-8","article-title":"RIG-I-driven CDKN1A stabilization reinforces cellular senescence","volume":"68","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci. China Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4673","DOI":"10.1128\/MCB.16.9.4673","article-title":"Cyclin-binding motifs are essential for the function of p21CIP1","volume":"16","author":"Chen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Mol. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1038\/382325a0","article-title":"Crystal structure of the p27Kip1 cyclin-dependent-kinase inhibitor bound to the cyclin A-Cdk2 complex","volume":"382","author":"Russo","year":"1996","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1907","DOI":"10.1007\/PL00000826","article-title":"Negative regulators of cyclin-dependent kinases and their roles in cancers","volume":"58","author":"Lee","year":"2001","journal-title":"Cell. Mol. Life Sci."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejmech.2020.113137","article-title":"Targeting MYC: From understanding its biology to drug discovery","volume":"213","author":"Ross","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur. J. Med. Chem."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7265","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.onc.1206933","article-title":"Cisplatin: Mode of cytotoxic action and molecular basis of resistance","volume":"22","author":"Siddik","year":"2003","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"476","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djs002","article-title":"Multiple roles of cyclin-dependent kinase 4\/6 inhibitors in cancer therapy","volume":"104","author":"Roberts","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Natl. Cancer Inst."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1038\/nrc1317","article-title":"Microtubules as a target for anticancer drugs","volume":"4","author":"Jordan","year":"2004","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29075","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M112.365494","article-title":"Modification of the DNA damage response by therapeutic CDK4\/6 inhi-bition","volume":"287","author":"Dean","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."}],"container-title":["Nutrients"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/18\/16\/2670\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,17]],"date-time":"2026-08-17T10:14:06Z","timestamp":1786961646000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/18\/16\/2670"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"16","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]}},"alternative-id":["nu18162670"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu18162670","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6643"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6643","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,15]]}}}