{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T13:13:08Z","timestamp":1789996388262,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1789689600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","award":["2025D01E32"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025D01E32"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation for Young Scholars of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","award":["2025D01C329"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2025D01C329"]}]},{"name":"Tianshan Talents\u2014Youth Science and Technology Innovation Talents Training Program of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","award":["2022TSYCCX0035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022TSYCCX0035"]}]},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Active Components and Drug Release Technology","award":["XJDX1713"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XJDX1713"]}]},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Medical Devices","award":["2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023"]}]},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education","award":["2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Basil (Ocimum basilicum\u00a0L.) is a herbaceous plant belonging to the family Lamiaceae. It is not only edible, but it also has nutritional value and can be used for medicinal purposes. Previous studies suggest that basil-derived extracts may protect neurons from injury. Objectives: Our research aimed to investigate whether basil essential oil (BEO) from Xinjiang has a neuroprotective effect in Alzheimer\u2019s disease (AD)-like pathological mouse model and to elucidate the mechanism underlying this effect. Methods: The essential oil was extracted using steam distillation. UHPLC\u2013MS\/MS technology was used to identify constituents detected in brain tissue following intranasal administration. In the experiment, BEO was administered intranasally to APP\/PS1 mice for 4 weeks, and its therapeutic effects on AD-like pathological features were evaluated through behavioral and biochemical assessments. Results: The results showed that there were 787 compounds in the BEO, of which 30 putatively annotated compounds were detected in brain tissue after intranasal administration. Most of these were prenol lipids (36%). BEO markedly enhanced spatial learning and cognitive abilities in APP\/PS1 mice, while also reducing neurodegeneration within the hippocampus and decreasing A\u03b21\u201340 and A\u03b21\u201342 levels. BEO additionally lowered the levels of IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, and TNF-\u03b1 and inhibited the activation of astrocytes and microglia. BEO exerted its neuroprotective effects by reducing the activation of the I\u03baB-\u03b1\/NF-\u03baB pathway. Conclusions: BEO exerted neuroprotective-like effects in this AD mouse model accompanied by anti-inflammatory activity and suppression of amyloid-\u03b2 (A\u03b2) accumulation, and BEO treatment was associated with reduced I\u03baB-\u03b1\/NF-\u03baB pathway activation. This research demonstrated that BEO might serve as a natural treatment against AD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18183058","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T12:50:03Z","timestamp":1789995003000},"page":"3058","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Multi-Component Xinjiang Basil Essential Oil Mitigates Alzheimer\u2019s Disease-like Pathology Through Amyloid and Neuroinflammatory Modulation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Sendaer","family":"Hailati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department\u00a0of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Active Components and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Medical Devices, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yibulayin","family":"Yasheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department\u00a0of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Active Components and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Medical Devices, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiqing","family":"Yin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department\u00a0of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Active Components and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Medical Devices, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chuhan","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department\u00a0of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Active Components and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Medical Devices, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6093-479X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuhang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department\u00a0of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Active Components and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Medical Devices, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenxi","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department\u00a0of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Active Components and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Medical Devices, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9690-4350","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dilihuma","family":"Dilimulati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department\u00a0of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Active Components and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Medical Devices, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alhar","family":"Baishan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department\u00a0of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Active Components and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Medical Devices, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yipaerguli","family":"Paerhati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department\u00a0of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Active Components and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Medical Devices, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alifeiye","family":"Aikebaier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department\u00a0of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Active Components and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Medical Devices, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arzuye","family":"Dolkun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department\u00a0of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Active Components and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Medical Devices, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2610-7634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenting","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department\u00a0of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines Active Components and Drug Release Technology, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biopharmaceuticals and Medical Devices, Urumqi 830017, China"},{"name":"Engineering Research Center of Xinjiang and Central Asian Medicine Resources, Ministry of Education, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jalz.2018.02.018","article-title":"NIA-AA Research Framework: Toward a biological definition of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"14","author":"Jack","year":"2018","journal-title":"Alzheimers Dement"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"32","DOI":"10.1186\/s13024-019-0333-5","article-title":"The neuropathological diagnosis of Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"14","author":"DeTure","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. 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