{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:10:27Z","timestamp":1792789827461,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1790035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","award":["82204033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82204033"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"award":["82204033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82204033"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/01h0zpd94","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","award":["BK20220826"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BK20220826"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Epidemiological studies have shown inconsistent results in associations between soy consumption and bladder cancer (BC). Therefore, this research aims to find more conclusive answers on the influence of soy consumption on the development of BC risk by bringing together 12 worldwide available cohort studies on this topic. Materials and Methods: The risk of developing BC was investigated in a pooled analysis of 12 cohort studies comprising 549,458 participants, including 3164 incident BC cases. Cox proportional hazard regression analysis was used to obtain the pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: No association between total soy intake and risk of development of BC was observed. However, after adjustment for potential confounders, soybean oil intake was associated with an increased risk (HRmodel2 = 1.49, 95% CI 1.03\u20132.16) comparing never consumption with ever consumption as well as with moderate (HRmodel2 1.69, 95% CI 1.08\u20132.67; HRmodel3 1.65, 95% CI 1.03\u20132.64) and high (HRmodel2 1.57, 95% CI 1.06\u20132.33; HRmodel3 1.50, 95% CI 1.00\u20132.26) consumption. Overall, no significant associations were observed for soybean, soy milk or unfermented soy paste intake. For females a significant decreased BC risk for moderate soybean consumption was observed (HR = 0.46, 95% CI 0.22\u20130.89). For males a significant increased BC risk in ever soybean oil consumers as well as in high soy consumers was found (HR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.00\u20132.66; HR = 1.69, 95% CI 1.02\u20132.80, respectively). Conclusions: This research suggests that different sub-categories of soy consumption may have different associations with BC risk, showing differences between sexes exist.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu18193110","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T08:17:54Z","timestamp":1790065074000},"page":"3110","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Soy Consumption and the Risk of Developing Bladder Cancer: A Pooled Analysis of Cohort Studies from the International Pooled Bladder Cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants (BLEND) Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Yue-Wei","family":"Wu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7825-5087","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Evan Yi-Wen","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute, Maastricht University, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ya-Ting","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Meng-Han","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Ting","family":"Liang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO (2025, November 02). 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