{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T18:50:56Z","timestamp":1778179856236,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,18]],"date-time":"2011-11-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1321574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fructose-sweetened liquid consumption is associated with fatty liver and oxidative stress. In rodent models of fructose-mediated fatty liver, protein consumption is decreased. Additionally, decreased sulfur amino acid intake is known to cause oxidative stress. Studies were designed to test whether oxidative stress in fructose-sweetened liquid-induced fatty liver is caused by decreased ad libitum solid food intake with associated inadequate sulfur amino acid intake. C57BL6 mice were grouped as: control (ad libitum water), fructose (ad libitum 30% fructose-sweetened liquid), glucose (ad libitum 30% glucose-sweetened water) and pair-fed (ad libitum water and sulfur amino acid intake same as the fructose group). Hepatic and plasma thiol-disulfide antioxidant status were analyzed after five weeks. Fructose- and glucose-fed mice developed fatty liver. The mitochondrial antioxidant protein, thioredoxin-2, displayed decreased abundance in the liver of fructose and glucose-fed mice compared to controls. Glutathione\/glutathione disulfide redox potential (EhGSSG) and abundance of the cytoplasmic antioxidant protein, peroxiredoxin-2, were similar among groups. We conclude that both fructose and glucose-sweetened liquid consumption results in fatty liver and upregulated thioredoxin-2 expression, consistent with mitochondrial oxidative stress; however, inadequate sulfur amino acid intake was not the cause of this oxidative stress.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu3110987","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,18]],"date-time":"2011-11-18T11:18:42Z","timestamp":1321615122000},"page":"987-1002","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Hepatic Oxidative Stress in Fructose-Induced Fatty Liver Is Not Caused by Sulfur Amino Acid Insufficiency"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Sachin S.","family":"Kunde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Emory Children\u2019s Center, 2015 Uppergate Dr NE, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James R.","family":"Roede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Whitehead Biomedical Research Bldg. Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, 615 Michael St, Emory University School of Medicine, Ste 205P, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miriam B.","family":"Vos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Emory Children\u2019s Center, 2015 Uppergate Dr NE, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael L.","family":"Orr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Whitehead Biomedical Research Bldg. Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, 615 Michael St, Emory University School of Medicine, Ste 205P, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Young-Mi","family":"Go","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Whitehead Biomedical Research Bldg. Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, 615 Michael St, Emory University School of Medicine, Ste 205P, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Youngja","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Whitehead Biomedical Research Bldg. Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, 615 Michael St, Emory University School of Medicine, Ste 205P, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Thomas R.","family":"Ziegler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, GG23 Emory University Hospital, 1600\/002\/1AA, 1364 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dean P.","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Whitehead Biomedical Research Bldg. Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, 615 Michael St, Emory University School of Medicine, Ste 205P, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,11,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"160","article-title":"Dietary fructose consumption among US children and adults: The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey","volume":"10","author":"Vos","year":"2008","journal-title":"Medscape J. Med."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-789X.2007.00389.x","article-title":"A short history of beverages and how our body treats them","volume":"9","author":"Wolf","year":"2008","journal-title":"Obes. 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