{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T23:09:35Z","timestamp":1785798575308,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,19]],"date-time":"2013-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1366329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Aim: Uremic hyperparathyroidism (UHPT) has been shown to contribute to the development and progression of chronic kidney disease\u2014mineral bone disorder. UHPT is frequently observed in chronic dialysis patients, and patients with UHPT are associated with increased risk of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Cinacalcet is a novel agent that increases sensitivity to the calcium-sensing receptor and is approved for control of UHPT. Nevertheless, cinacalcet is costly and information regarding efficacy of low-dose cinacalcet on UHPT is limited. Methods: We conducted a retrospective study to evaluate treatment with either low-dose calcitriol combined with low-dose cinacalcet (25 mg)  (d-Cinacalcet) or calcitriol alone (VitD) in dialysis patients with moderate to severe UHPT. A total of 81 dialysis patients were enrolled (40 subjects in d-Cinacalcet group and  41 subjects in VitD group). Demographic data including age, gender, duration on dialysis and biochemical data were reviewed and recorded. Results: At the end of the study, the intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels of the d-Cinacalcet group declined significantly (from 1166.0 \u00b1 469.3 pg\/mL to 679.8 \u00b1 421.6 pg\/mL, p &lt; 0.0001), while there was  no significant change in the VitD group. Significant decrease of serum calcium  (Ca: 9.9 \u00b1 0.6 mg\/dL vs. 9.6 \u00b1 0.8 mg\/dL, p = 0.002), phosphorus (P: 5.9 \u00b1 1.3 mg\/dL vs. 4.9 \u00b1 0.9 mg\/dL, p &lt; 0.0001) and calcium phosphate product (Ca \u00d7 P: 58.7 \u00b1 15.0 mg2\/dL2 vs. 46.9 \u00b1 8.9 mg2\/dL2, p &lt; 0.0001) were observed in the d-Cinacalcet group. In addition, the subjects in the d-Cinacalcet group had a greater proportion to achieve Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI)-recommended biochemical targets than the subjects in the VitD group (Ca: 48% vs. 24%; P: 78% vs. 32%; Ca \u00d7 P: 85% vs. 37%; iPTH: 15% vs. 0%). Conclusions: We conclude that combination therapy of low-dose cinacalcet and calcitriol is more effective than calcitriol alone as a treatment for moderate and severe UHPT in chronic dialysis patients. Furthermore, this therapy is associated with improvement in hyperphosphatemia and hypercalcemia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu5041336","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,19]],"date-time":"2013-04-19T11:00:47Z","timestamp":1366369247000},"page":"1336-1348","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Comparison between Calcitriol and Calcitriol Plus Low-Dose Cinacalcet for the Treatment of Moderate to Severe Secondary Hyperparathyroidism in Chronic Dialysis Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Yueh-Ting","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hwee-Yeong","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chien-Chun","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Te-Chuan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chien-Shing","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Terry","family":"Chiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6172-1483","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wen-Chin","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4704-1956","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chien-Te","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 833, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,4,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ki.5002009","article-title":"Prevalence of abnormal serum vitamin D, PTH, calcium, and phosphorus in patients with chronic kidney disease: Results of the study to evaluate early kidney disease","volume":"71","author":"Levin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Kidney Int."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"876","DOI":"10.1210\/jcem-67-5-876","article-title":"Hyperparathyroidism and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D deficiency in mild, moderate, and severe renal failure","volume":"67","author":"Pitts","year":"1988","journal-title":"J. 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