{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T06:16:31Z","timestamp":1789193791095,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,10]],"date-time":"2013-09-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1378771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/3.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vitamin B12 (cobalamin, Cbl) is required for cellular metabolism. It is an essential coenzyme in mammals for two reactions: the conversion of homocysteine to methionine by the enzyme methionine synthase and the conversion of methylmalonyl-CoA to succinyl-CoA by the enzyme methylmalonyl-CoA mutase. Symptoms of Cbl deficiency are hematological, neurological and cognitive, including megaloblastic anaemia, tingling and numbness of the extremities, gait abnormalities, visual disturbances, memory loss and dementia. During pregnancy Cbl is essential, presumably because of its role in DNA synthesis and methionine synthesis; however, there are conflicting studies regarding an association between early pregnancy loss and Cbl deficiency. We here review the literature about the requirement for Cbl during pregnancy, and summarized what is known of the expression pattern and function of genes required for Cbl metabolism in embryonic  mouse models.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu5093531","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,11]],"date-time":"2013-09-11T03:51:10Z","timestamp":1378871470000},"page":"3531-3550","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Vitamin B12 Metabolism during Pregnancy and in Embryonic Mouse Models"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Maira","family":"Moreno-Garcia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 1205 Avenue Docteur Penfield, N5\/13,Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1B1"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Rosenblatt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 1205 Avenue Docteur Penfield, N5\/13,Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1B1"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3H 1P3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loydie","family":"Jerome-Majewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, 1205 Avenue Docteur Penfield, N5\/13,Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1B1"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3H 1P3"},{"name":"McGill University Health Centre, 4060 Ste. Catherine West, PT 420, Montreal, Quebec,  Canada H3Z 2Z3"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"(1991). Prevention of neural tube defects: Results of the medical research council vitamin study. Lancet, 338, 131\u2013137.","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)90133-A"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1832","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199212243272602","article-title":"Prevention of the first occurrence of neural-tube defects by periconceptional vitamin supplementation","volume":"327","author":"Czeizel","year":"1992","journal-title":"N. Engl. J. Med."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"173","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114508149200","article-title":"Not all cases of neural-tube defect can be prevented by increasing the intake of folic acid","volume":"102","author":"Heseker","year":"2009","journal-title":"Br. 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