{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T11:52:54Z","timestamp":1778673174621,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,15]],"date-time":"2015-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1434326400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Although previous studies reported the associations between the intakes of individual foods or nutrients and the risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the relationship between dietary patterns and NAFLD in the Chinese population has been rarely studied to date. This study aimed to investigate the associations between dietary patterns and the risk of NAFLD in a middle-aged Chinese population. The Study subjects were  999 Chinese adults aged 45\u201360 years in the Anhui province who participated in the Hefei Nutrition and Health Study. Dietary intake was collected by a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. NAFLD was defined as the presence of moderate-severe hepatic steatosis (by B-ultrasonic examination); the absence of excessive alcohol use (&gt;20 g day\u22121 in men and 10 g day\u22121 in women); no use of steatogenic medications within the past  six months; no exposure to hepatotoxins; and no history of bariatric surgery. Log-binomial regression analysis was used to examine the association between dietary patterns and NAFLD with adjustment of potential confounding variables. Out of 999 participants, 345 (34.5%) were classified as having NAFLD. Four major dietary patterns were identified: \u201cTraditional Chinese\u201d, \u201cAnimal food\u201d, \u201cGrains-vegetables\u201d and \u201cHigh-salt\u201d dietary patterns. After adjusting for potential confounders, subjects in the highest quartile of the \u201cAnimal food\u201d pattern scores had greater prevalence ratio for NAFLD (prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.354; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.063\u20131.724; p &lt; 0.05) than did those in the lowest quartile. After adjustment for body mass index (BMI), compared with the lowest quartile of the  \u201cGrains-vegetables\u201d pattern, the highest quartile had a lower prevalence ratio for NAFLD  (PR = 0.777; 95% CI: 0.618\u20130.977, p &lt; 0.05). However, the \u201ctraditional Chinese\u201d and  \u201chigh-salt\u201d dietary patterns showed no association with the risk of NAFLD. Our findings indicated that the \u201cAnimal food\u201d dietary pattern was associated with an increased risk  of NAFLD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu7064778","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,15]],"date-time":"2015-06-15T10:57:58Z","timestamp":1434365878000},"page":"4778-4791","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":81,"title":["Dietary Patterns Modulate the Risk of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Chinese Adults"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Chao-Qun","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, An Hui, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Long","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, Zhe Jiang, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuai","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, An Hui, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jia-Jia","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, An Hui, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, An Hui, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu-Jie","family":"Xuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, An Hui, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Su-Fang","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, An Hui, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1089\/met.2011.0145","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: A nutritional approach","volume":"10","author":"Colak","year":"2012","journal-title":"Metab. 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