{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T20:56:31Z","timestamp":1775854591921,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,21]],"date-time":"2015-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1437436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The prevalence of symptomatic adverse reactions to gluten and adherence to gluten-free diet in Latin American countries is unknown. These measurements are strongly linked to gluten-related disorders. This work aimed to estimate the prevalence of adverse reactions to oral gluten and the adherence to gluten-free diet in the adult Mexican population. To reach this aim, a self-administered questionnaire was designed and tested for clarity\/comprehension and reproducibility. Then, a self-administered questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Mexican population. The estimated prevalence rates were (95% CI): 11.9% (9.9\u201313.5) and 7.8 (6.4\u20139.4) for adverse and recurrent adverse reactions to gluten respectively; adherence to gluten-free diet 3.7% (2.7\u20134.8),  wheat allergy 0.72% (0.38\u20131.37); celiac disease 0.08% (0.01\u20130.45), and NCGS 0.97% (0.55\u20131.68). Estimated pooled prevalence of self-reported physician-diagnosis of  gluten-related disorders was 0.88% (0.49\u20131.5), and 93.3% respondents reported adherence to gluten-free diet without a physician-diagnosis of gluten-related disorders. Symptom comparisons between those who reported recurrent adverse reactions to gluten and other foods showed statistically significant differences for bloating, constipation, and tiredness  (p &lt; 0.05). Gluten-related disorders may be underdiagnosed in the Mexican population and most people adhering to a gluten-free diet are doing it without proper diagnostic work-up of these disorders, and probably without medical\/dietician advice.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu7075267","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,21]],"date-time":"2015-07-21T10:17:48Z","timestamp":1437473868000},"page":"6000-6015","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Self-Reported Prevalence of Symptomatic Adverse Reactions  to Gluten and Adherence to Gluten-Free Diet in an Adult Mexican Population"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8678-0447","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noe","family":"Ontiveros","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Regional Program for PhD in Biotechnology, FCQB, University of Sinaloa, Culiac\u00e1n,  Sinaloa 80019, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"L\u00f3pez-Gallardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Sciences Academic Unit, University of Sinaloa, Culiac\u00e1n, Sinaloa 80019, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcela","family":"Vergara-Jim\u00e9nez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Sciences Academic Unit, University of Sinaloa, Culiac\u00e1n, Sinaloa 80019, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4985-9169","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francisco","family":"Cabrera-Ch\u00e1vez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Sciences Academic Unit, University of Sinaloa, Culiac\u00e1n, Sinaloa 80019, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-10-13","article-title":"Spectrum of gluten-related disorders: Consensus on new nomenclature and classification","volume":"10","author":"Sapone","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2011-301346","article-title":"The Oslo definitions for coeliac disease and related terms","volume":"62","author":"Ludvigsson","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7015-9-23","article-title":"Divergence of gut permeability and mucosal immune gene expression in two gluten-associated conditions: Celiac disease and gluten sensitivity","volume":"9","author":"Sapone","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMC Med."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68S","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607111426276","article-title":"Celiac disease, wheat allergy, and gluten sensivity: When gluten free is not a fad","volume":"36","author":"Pietzak","year":"2012","journal-title":"JPEN J. 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