{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]],"date-time":"2026-08-04T19:52:08Z","timestamp":1785873128487,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,10]],"date-time":"2016-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1457568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Intolerance to carbohydrates is relatively common in childhood, but still poorly recognized and managed. Over recent years it has come to the forefront because of progresses in our knowledge on the mechanisms and treatment of these conditions. Children with intolerance to carbohydrates often present with unexplained signs and symptoms. Here, we examine the most up-to-date research on these intolerances, discuss controversies relating to the diagnostic approach, including the role of molecular analysis, and provide new insights into modern management in the pediatric age, including the most recent evidence for correct dietary treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu8030157","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,10]],"date-time":"2016-03-10T10:53:48Z","timestamp":1457607228000},"page":"157","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":57,"title":["Diagnosing and Treating Intolerance to Carbohydrates in Children"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Roberto","family":"Berni Canani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d, 80131 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"European Laboratory for the Investigation of Food Induced Diseases, University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d, 80131 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies, University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vincenza","family":"Pezzella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Amoroso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tommaso","family":"Cozzolino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Di Scala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annalisa","family":"Passariello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"262","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.13041","article-title":"The aetiology, diagnosis, mechanisms and clinical evidence for food intolerance","volume":"41","author":"Lomer","year":"2015","journal-title":"Aliment. 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