{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,31]],"date-time":"2025-12-31T18:42:19Z","timestamp":1767206539787,"version":"build-2238731810"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]],"date-time":"2016-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1459468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["www.mdpi.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The use of a mixture of amino acids caused a selective apoptosis induction against a variety of tumor cell lines, reduced the adverse effects of anti-cancer drugs and increased the sensitivity of tumor cells to chemotherapeutic agents. We evaluated the effects and underlying mechanisms of soy-derived multiple amino acids\u2019 oral supplementation on the therapeutic efficacy of low-dose cyclophosphamide (CTX) and on tumor growth, apoptosis, and autophagy in severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice that were injected with sarcoma-180 (S-180) cells. 3-methyladenine or siRNA knockdown of Atg5 was used to evaluate its effect on sarcoma growth. A comparison of mice with implanted sarcoma cells, CTX, and oral saline and mice with implanted sarcoma cells, CTX, and an oral soy-derived multiple amino acid supplement indicated that the soy-derived multiple amino acid supplement significantly decreased overall sarcoma growth, increased the Bax\/Bcl-2 ratio, caspase 3 expression, and apoptosis, and depressed LC3 II-mediated autophagy. Treatment with 3-methyladenine or Atg5 siRNA elicited similar responses as CTX plus soy-derived multiple amino acid in downregulating autophagy and upregulating apoptosis. A low dose of CTX combined with an oral soy-derived multiple amino acid supplement had a potent anti-tumor effect mediated through downregulation of autophagy and upregulation of apoptosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu8040192","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]],"date-time":"2016-04-01T10:31:20Z","timestamp":1459506680000},"page":"192","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Soy-Based Multiple Amino Acid Oral Supplementation Increases the Anti-Sarcoma Effect of Cyclophosphamide"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Chien-An","family":"Yao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Science, No. 88, Sec. 4, Tingzhou Road, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chin-Chu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biotechnology Center, Grape King Inc., Chung-Li 320, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nai-Phog","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic, Kuang-Tien General Hospital, Taichung 433, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7580-7069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiang-Ting","family":"Chien","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Life Science, No. 88, Sec. 4, Tingzhou Road, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02857438","article-title":"General survey of traditional Chinese medicine and Western medicine researches on tumor metastasis","volume":"12","author":"He","year":"2006","journal-title":"Chin. 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