{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T21:27:17Z","timestamp":1790285237768,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,15]],"date-time":"2016-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1465948800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health","award":["GR-2010-2304957"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GR-2010-2304957"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fatty acids (FAs) are fundamental for a foetus\u2019s growth, serving as an energy source, structural constituents of cellular membranes and precursors of bioactive molecules, as well as being essential for cell signalling. Long-chain polyunsaturated FAs (LC-PUFAs) are pivotal in brain and visual development. It is of interest to investigate whether and how specific pregnancy conditions, which alter fatty acid metabolism (excessive pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) or gestational weight gain (GWG)), affect lipid supply to the foetus. For this purpose, we evaluated the erythrocyte FAs of mothers and offspring (cord-blood) at birth, in relation to pre-pregnancy BMI and GWG. A total of 435 mothers and their offspring (237 males, 51%) were included in the study. Distribution of linoleic acid (LA) and \u03b1-linolenic acid (ALA), and their metabolites, arachidonic acid, dihomogamma linoleic (DGLA) and ecosapentanoic acid, was significantly different in maternal and foetal erythrocytes. Pre-pregnancy BMI was significantly associated with maternal percentage of MUFAs (Coeff: \u22120.112; p = 0.021), LA (Coeff: \u22120.033; p = 0.044) and DHA (Coeff. = 0.055; p = 0.0016); inadequate GWG with DPA (Coeff: 0.637; p = 0.001); excessive GWG with docosaexahenoic acid (DHA) (Coeff. = \u22120.714; p = 0.004). Moreover, pre-pregnancy BMI was associated with foetus percentage of PUFAs (Coeff: \u22120.172; p = 0.009), omega 6 (Coeff: \u22120.098; p = 0.015) and DHA (Coeff: \u22120.0285; p = 0.036), even after adjusting for maternal lipids. Our findings show that maternal GWG affects maternal but not foetal lipid profile, differently from pre-pregnancy BMI, which influences both.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu8060368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,15]],"date-time":"2016-06-15T14:11:19Z","timestamp":1465999879000},"page":"368","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Influence of Maternal Obesity and Gestational Weight Gain on Maternal and Foetal Lipid Profile"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6985-3982","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giulia","family":"Cinelli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit for Multifactorial Disease, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), viale di San Paolo 15, Rome 00146, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Fabrizi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit for Multifactorial Disease, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), viale di San Paolo 15, Rome 00146, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucilla","family":"Rav\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), P.zza S. Onofrio 4, Rome 00165, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Ciofi degli Atti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), P.zza S. Onofrio 4, Rome 00165, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela","family":"Vernocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Human Microbiome, Genetic and Rare Diseases Area, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), viale di San Paolo 15, Rome 00146, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Vallone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gyneacology, San Camillo Hospital, Circonvallazione Gianicolense 87, Rome 00152, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuela","family":"Pietrantoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gyneacology, San Camillo Hospital, Circonvallazione Gianicolense 87, Rome 00152, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosalba","family":"Lanciotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Interdipartimentale di Ricerca Industriale Agroalimentare, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, Cesena 47521, Italy"},{"name":"Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agro-alimentari, Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Bologna, Piazza Goidanich 60, Cesena 47521, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Signore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gyneacology, San Camillo Hospital, Circonvallazione Gianicolense 87, Rome 00152, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6581-975X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melania","family":"Manco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit for Multifactorial Disease, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico), viale di San Paolo 15, Rome 00146, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3441","DOI":"10.1113\/jphysiol.2009.173062","article-title":"Long chain fatty acids and dietary fats in fetal nutrition","volume":"587","author":"Cetin","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. 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