{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,19]],"date-time":"2026-03-19T03:00:47Z","timestamp":1773889247728,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,9]],"date-time":"2016-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1470700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents has become a prominent clinical issue in recent decades. Increasing numbers of young people have risk factors for type 2 diabetes, particularly obesity, indicating the need for effective type 2 diabetes prevention strategies. The aim of this review was to identify specific dietary strategies that optimize improvements in risk factors for type 2 diabetes in youth and hence reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes development. Our review of the current literature indicates that dietary interventions lead to weight loss when intervention adherence is high. However, in addition to weight loss, a diet that is reduced in carbohydrates may optimize improvements in other type 2 diabetes risk factors, including insulin resistance and hyperglycemia. While further research is needed to confirm this finding, reduced carbohydrate diets may include a very low-carbohydrate diet, a very low-energy diet, a lower-glycemic-index diet, and\/or an intermittent fasting diet. This array of dietary strategies provides a suite of intervention options for clinicians to recommend to young people at risk of type 2 diabetes. However, these findings are in contrast to current guidelines for the prevention of type 2 diabetes in adults which recommends a low-fat, high-carbohydrate diet.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu8080486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,9]],"date-time":"2016-08-09T09:14:10Z","timestamp":1470734050000},"page":"486","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["The Effectiveness of Different Diet Strategies to Reduce Type 2 Diabetes Risk in Youth"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Megan","family":"Gow","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead 2145, Australia"},{"name":"The Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead 2145, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7552-0789","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Garnett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead 2145, Australia"},{"name":"The Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead 2145, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Louise","family":"Baur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead 2145, Australia"},{"name":"The Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead 2145, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"Lister","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Children\u2019s Hospital at Westmead, Westmead 2145, Australia"},{"name":"The Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, The University of Sydney, Westmead 2145, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-013-2915-z","article-title":"Global trends in the incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents: A systematic review and evaluation of methodological approaches","volume":"56","author":"Knibbe","year":"2013","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1177\/000992289803700208","article-title":"Increased incidence of non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus among Japanese schoolchildren correlates with an increased intake of animal protein and fat","volume":"37","author":"Kitagawa","year":"1998","journal-title":"Clin. 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