{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T07:24:21Z","timestamp":1790148261279,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":205,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,21]],"date-time":"2017-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1500595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"New Zealand National Science Challenge High Value Nutrition program","award":["MBIE #3710040"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["MBIE #3710040"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is characterised by hyperglycaemia resulting from defective insulin secretion, insulin resistance, or both. The impact of over-nutrition and reduced physical activity, evidenced by the exponential rise in obesity and the prevalence of T2D, strongly supports the implementation of lifestyle modification programs. Accordingly, an increased consumption of fruits and plant-derived foods has been advocated, as their intake is inversely correlated with T2D prevalence; this has been attributed, in part, to their contained polyphenolic compounds. Over the last decade, a body of work has focussed on establishing the mechanisms by which polyphenolic compounds exert beneficial effects to limit carbohydrate digestion, enhance insulin-mediated glucose uptake, down-regulate hepatic gluconeogenesis and decrease oxidative stress; the latter anti-oxidative property being the most documented. Novel effects on the inhibition of glucocorticoid action and the suppression of amylin misfolding and aggregation have been identified more recently. Amyloid fibrils form from spontaneously misfolded amylin, depositing in islet cells to elicit apoptosis, beta cell degeneration and decrease insulin secretion, with amyloidosis affecting up to 80% of pancreatic islet cells in T2D. Therefore, intervening with polyphenolic compounds offers a novel approach to suppressing risk or progression to T2D. This review gives an update on the emerging mechanisms related to dietary polyphenol intake for the maintenance of glycaemic control and the prevention of T2D.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9070788","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,21]],"date-time":"2017-07-21T10:45:48Z","timestamp":1500633948000},"page":"788","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Unfolding Novel Mechanisms of Polyphenol Flavonoids for Better Glycaemic Control: Targeting Pancreatic Islet Amyloid Polypeptide (IAPP)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5414-9925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivana","family":"Sequeira","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand"},{"name":"High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1142, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2214-8378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sally","family":"Poppitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Human Nutrition Unit, School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1010, New Zealand"},{"name":"High-Value Nutrition National Science Challenge, Auckland 1142, New Zealand"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(11)60679-X","article-title":"National, regional, and global trends in fasting plasma glucose and diabetes prevalence since 1980: Systematic analysis of health examination surveys and epidemiological studies with 370 country-years and 2\u00b77 million participants","volume":"378","author":"Danaei","year":"2011","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2009.10.007","article-title":"Global estimates of the prevalence of diabetes for 2010 and 2030","volume":"87","author":"Shaw","year":"2010","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. 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