{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:00:38Z","timestamp":1787029238338,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,3]],"date-time":"2017-08-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1501718400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A cohort of 50-year-olds from Canterbury, New Zealand (N = 404), representative of midlife adults, undertook comprehensive health and dietary assessments. Fasting plasma vitamin C concentrations (N = 369) and dietary vitamin C intake (N = 250) were determined. The mean plasma vitamin C concentration was 44.2 \u00b5mol\/L (95% CI 42.4, 46.0); 62% of the cohort had inadequate plasma vitamin C concentrations (i.e., &lt;50 \u00b5mol\/L), 13% of the cohort had hypovitaminosis C (i.e., &lt;23 \u00b5mol\/L), and 2.4% had plasma vitamin C concentrations indicating deficiency (i.e., &lt;11 \u00b5mol\/L). Men had a lower mean plasma vitamin C concentration than women, and a higher percentage of vitamin C inadequacy and deficiency. A higher prevalence of hypovitaminosis C and deficiency was observed in those of lower socio-economic status and in current smokers. Adults with higher vitamin C levels exhibited lower weight, BMI and waist circumference, and better measures of metabolic health, including HbA1c, insulin and triglycerides, all risk factors for type 2 diabetes. Lower levels of mild cognitive impairment were observed in those with the highest plasma vitamin C concentrations. Plasma vitamin C showed a stronger correlation with markers of metabolic health and cognitive impairment than dietary vitamin C.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9080831","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,3]],"date-time":"2017-08-03T09:47:19Z","timestamp":1501753639000},"page":"831","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Vitamin C Status Correlates with Markers of Metabolic and Cognitive Health in 50-Year-Olds: Findings of the CHALICE Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"John","family":"Pearson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostatistics and Computational Biology Unit, University of Otago, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juliet","family":"Pullar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renee","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Janet","family":"Spittlehouse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4261-0854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Margreet","family":"Vissers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paula","family":"Skidmore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinny","family":"Willis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lipid & Diabetes Research Group, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vicky","family":"Cameron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5890-2977","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anitra","family":"Carr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Otago, Christchurch 8140, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,8,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"279","article-title":"The chemical nature of vitamin C","volume":"27","author":"Svirbely","year":"1933","journal-title":"Biochem. 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