{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T00:00:29Z","timestamp":1773273629508,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,27]],"date-time":"2017-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1506470400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of the prostate gland. Cynanchum wilfordii has been reported to improve sexual behavior in male rats. In this study, we investigated the protective effect of an aqueous extract of C. wilfordii (CWW) against BPH development in a testosterone-induced BPH rat model. The rats were divided into the following six groups: sham\/vehicle; BPH\/vehicle; BPH\/finasteride; and three CWW doses (50, 100, and 200 mg\/kg). After a 4-week treatment with CWW, the rats were euthanized at scheduled times, and their prostates were weighed, followed by a histopathological examination. Prostate growth inhibition rates in rats administered CWW 50, 100, and 200 mg\/kg were 54.5%, 51.8%, and 50.1%, respectively. The BPH\/CWW group showed decreased serum testosterone and dihydrotestosterone (DHT) levels compared to the BPH\/vehicle group. Furthermore, the BPH\/CWW group showed reduced prostate testosterone and DHT levels compared to the BPH\/vehicle group. Mechanistically, the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed downregulated mRNA expression levels of the androgen receptor, 5\u03b1-reductase, and B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) in the BPH\/CWW200 group compared with those in the testosterone-induced groups. In conclusion, these findings show the effectiveness of CWW in slowing the progression of testosterone-induced BPH in rats.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9101070","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,27]],"date-time":"2017-09-27T10:52:25Z","timestamp":1506509545000},"page":"1070","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Cynanchum wilfordii Ameliorates Testosterone-Induced Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia by Regulating 5\u03b1-Reductase and Androgen Receptor Activities in a Rat Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Gyuok","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jeonnam Institute of Natural Resources Research, Jangheung-gun, Jeollanamdo 59338, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jawon","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jeonnam Institute of Natural Resources Research, Jangheung-gun, Jeollanamdo 59338, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hakjoon","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jeonnam Institute of Natural Resources Research, Jangheung-gun, Jeollanamdo 59338, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ara","family":"Jo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jeonnam Institute of Natural Resources Research, Jangheung-gun, Jeollanamdo 59338, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"SangO","family":"Pan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jeonnam Institute of Natural Resources Research, Jangheung-gun, Jeollanamdo 59338, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donghyuck","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jeonnam Institute of Natural Resources Research, Jangheung-gun, Jeollanamdo 59338, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongwook","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Herbal Hormone Research Institute, Naturalendo Tech Co., Ltd., Gyeonggido, Seongnam 13486, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chulyung","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jeonnam Institute of Natural Resources Research, Jangheung-gun, Jeollanamdo 59338, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)90543-X","article-title":"High prevalence of benign prostatic hypertrophy in the community","volume":"338","author":"Garraway","year":"1991","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)35405-8","article-title":"The prevalence of prostatism: A population-based survey of urinary symptoms","volume":"150","author":"Chute","year":"1993","journal-title":"J. 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