{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,9]],"date-time":"2026-07-09T19:50:53Z","timestamp":1783626653810,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI","award":["JP22K17504"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JP22K17504"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nursing Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: This study aimed to identify the P-bottle feeding techniques systematically organized by Ms. Kumagai, an expert in nursing care for children with a cleft lip and\/or palate (CLP), which were developed as she gained expertise in feeding affected children. Methods: We recruited three nurses who had mastered the Kumagai method for feeding with a P-bottle. Through analysis of participants\u2019 voices and videos during interviews, we focused on aspects such as dealing with a closed mouth, inserting the nipple in cases of unilateral and bilateral CLP, dealing with the child\u2019s movements after insertion, and key considerations when squeezing the bottle. Results: The interview analyses revealed numerous techniques used by nurses to manage the difficulties encountered while feeding children, ensuring successful provision of nourishment. Specifically, the nurses employed techniques such as placing the nipple along the midline of the child\u2019s tongue and varying the application of force on the nipple depending on the cleft type. The nurses reported that the objectives of these techniques were to prevent ulcer formation and encourage the use of the tongue, simulating original feeding movements. Conclusions: We explored feeding techniques and the management of associated challenges. Our results suggest that the \u201cKumagai Method\u201d could be valuable in improving feeding practices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nursrep14040199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T08:09:52Z","timestamp":1727683792000},"page":"2695-2705","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Kumagai Method: Feeding Techniques Using the Pigeon Baby Cleft Palate Bottle"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5750-6251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shingo","family":"Ueki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yukari","family":"Kumagai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Osaka University Dental Hospital, Osaka 565-0871, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1318-4039","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yumi","family":"Hirai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing, Osaka University Dental Hospital, Osaka 565-0871, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2041-8219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eri","family":"Nagatomo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7037-3801","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shoko","family":"Miyauchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Information Technology, Faculty of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9694-7034","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takuro","family":"Inoue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Informatics, Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7641-2632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qi","family":"An","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human and Engineered Environmental Studies, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Chiba 277-8563, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8251-107X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eri","family":"Tashiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-8030-0518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junko","family":"Miyata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jormas.2021.05.008","article-title":"Global prevalence of cleft palate, cleft lip and cleft palate and lip: A comprehensive systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"123","author":"Salari","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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