{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,1]],"date-time":"2026-03-01T05:01:26Z","timestamp":1772341286956,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,12]],"date-time":"2025-04-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1744416000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Government of La Rioja"},{"name":"University of La Rioja"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nursing Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The Caregiver Contribution to Self-Care of Diabetes Inventory (CC-SCODI) is an instrument grounded in the middle-range theory of self-care of chronic illness. It is designed to measure how caregivers support individuals with diabetes mellitus in carrying out self-care activities. Effective tools are essential for clinicians and researchers to evaluate factors influencing self-care, including caregivers\u2019 contributions. This study aimed to assess the reliability and validity of the Spanish translation of the CC-SCODI. Methods: A total of 201 caregivers of individuals with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) were recruited for participation in this cross-sectional study. Participants were selected through convenience sampling at a university hospital. Before administration, the survey questions were translated and culturally adapted to ensure appropriateness for both patients and caregivers. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed on each of the CC-SCODI subscales using models fitted to the relevant indices. Results: The initial construction of the four-dimensional tool was verified. The internal consistency of the four subscales was assessed using Cronbach\u2019s \u03b1 to measure the caregiver contribution to patients\u2019 self-care maintenance (\u03b1 = 0.725), self-care monitoring (\u03b1 = 0.728), self-care management (\u03b1 = 0.729), and caregiver self-efficacy in contributing to patient self-care (\u03b1 = 0.921). Model fit indices demonstrated a chi-square value of 1.028 with 773 degrees of freedom. CFA indicated an excellent model fit, confirming the reliability and validity of the proposed structure. Conclusions: The internal consistency and reliability of the Spanish version of the CC-SCODI were deemed adequate. Due to its strong psychometric properties, this instrument is considered appropriate for evaluating the contribution of caregivers to the self-care behaviors of Spanish-speaking individuals with diabetes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nursrep15040129","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,14]],"date-time":"2025-04-14T03:39:16Z","timestamp":1744601956000},"page":"129","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Version of the Caregiver Contribution to Self-Care of Diabetes Inventory (CC-SCODI)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jes\u00fas","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Tof\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral Program in Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain"},{"name":"GRUPAC Research Group in Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logro\u00f1o, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6705-7122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Iv\u00e1n","family":"Santolalla-Arnedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GRUPAC Research Group in Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logro\u00f1o, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8607-3195","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vicente","family":"Gea-Caballero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, International University of Valencia, 46002 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1034-5988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Angela","family":"Durante","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Science Interdisciplinary Center, Sant\u2019Anna School of Advanced Studies, 56127 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Fondazione Toscana Gabriele Monasterio, 54100 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6440-1431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Sabater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Nursing Care and Education Research Group (GRIECE), GIUV2019-456, Nursing Department, Universitat de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"Care Research Group (INCLIVA), Hospital Cl\u00ednico Universitario de Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3324-5798","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mercedes","family":"S\u00e1nchez-Barba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Statistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Di Nitto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, University of Genoa, Via A. Pastore 1, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0490-363X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pilar","family":"Sanchez-Conde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospital of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4857-1665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"G\u00f3nzalez-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0345-8028","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Regina","family":"Ru\u00edz de Vi\u00f1aspre-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GRUPAC Research Group in Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logro\u00f1o, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3597-2048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ra\u00fal","family":"Ju\u00e1rez-Vela","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GRUPAC Research Group in Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, 26004 Logro\u00f1o, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5161-2272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nelia","family":"Soto-Ruiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain"},{"name":"IdiSNA\u2014Navarra Institute for Health Research, 31008 Pamplona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S11","DOI":"10.2337\/dc24-S001","article-title":"1. 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