{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,18]],"date-time":"2026-09-18T16:13:29Z","timestamp":1789748009528,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008431","name":"Castile and Le\u00f3n Regional Health Management Board","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GRS 2706\/A\/23"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GRS 2706\/A\/23"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008431","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nursing Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/objectives: Falls are the most common adverse events in hospitals. This study aimed to estimate excess hospitalisation costs attributable to inpatient falls, using Diagnosis-Related Group (DRG) relative weights as a proxy for resource consumption. Methods: Case\u2013control study. Cases included patients who had sustained a fall during hospitalisation between 2020 and 2022 in 19 inpatient units. Controls were selected with matching technique based on age and admission period. Diagnosis-Related Groups and their resource consumption and cost estimators (relative weights) were provided by the Hospital\u2019s Coding Unit. Results: A total of 613 falls were analysed against 623 controls. The Diagnosis-Related Group \u2018Lower limb amputation except toes\u2019 was associated with a fourfold higher risk of falling compared to others. Five more were identified in which the case group incurred significantly higher costs than the control group. These included three surgical Diagnosis-Related Group, \u2018Urethral and transurethral procedures\u2019, \u2018Heart valve procedures without acute myocardial infarction or complex diagnosis\u2019, and \u2018Arterial procedures on the lower limb\u2019, and two medical, \u2018Heart failure\u2019 and \u2018Major pulmonary infections and inflammations\u2019. Conclusions\/Implications for practice: Identifying Diagnosis-Related Groups in which falls are associated with increased hospitalisation costs allows for a comprehensive assessment of the process, taking into account resource consumption and the clinical characteristics of hospitalised patients. These findings will enable nurses to develop targeted strategies to enhance the safety of hospitalised patients that contribute to the sustainability of the healthcare system.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nursrep15090323","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T07:46:17Z","timestamp":1757058377000},"page":"323","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Costs Attributable to Falls Based on Diagnosis-Related Groups (DRGs) Analysis of Hospitalised Patients: A Case\u2013Control Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1311-2207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mercedes","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Castro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Support Unit, Valladolid University Clinical Hospital, 47005 Valladolid, Spain"},{"name":"Valladolid Biosanitary Research Institute (IBIOVALL), Valladolid University Clinical Hospital, Calle Rondilla Santa Teresa, 47010 Valladolid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8363-1817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noel","family":"Rivas-Gonz\u00e1lez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Valladolid Biosanitary Research Institute (IBIOVALL), Valladolid University Clinical Hospital, Calle Rondilla Santa Teresa, 47010 Valladolid, Spain"},{"name":"Continuing Education Department, Valladolid University Clinical Hospital, 47005 Valladolid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0014-7208","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bel\u00e9n","family":"Mart\u00edn-Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Valladolid Biosanitary Research Institute (IBIOVALL), Valladolid University Clinical Hospital, Calle Rondilla Santa Teresa, 47010 Valladolid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Nursing Care Information Systems, Valladolid University Clinical Hospital, 47005 Valladolid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-2460-6852","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro Luis","family":"Mu\u00f1oz-Rubio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neurology Unit, Valladolid University Clinical Hospital, 47005 Valladolid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-3873-9614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roc\u00edo","family":"Lozano-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Unit, Valladolid University Clinical Hospital, 47005 Valladolid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1090-9050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pilar","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Soberado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Care Service of the Regional Health Management of Castile and Le\u00f3n, 47007 Valladolid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9352-0731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marife","family":"Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Support Unit, Valladolid University Clinical Hospital, 47005 Valladolid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e58073","DOI":"10.2196\/58073","article-title":"Predictive Factors and the Predictive Scoring System for Falls in Acute Care Inpatients: Retrospective Cohort Study","volume":"12","author":"Saito","year":"2025","journal-title":"JMIR Hum. 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