{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T10:34:12Z","timestamp":1771497252396,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1771459200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72404286"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72404286"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Medical Research Fund","award":["A2403034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A2403034"]}]},{"name":"Shenzhen Science and Technology Program","award":["JCYJ20240813150722029"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JCYJ20240813150722029"]}]},{"name":"Futian Healthcare Research Project","award":["FTWS026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FTWS026"]}]},{"name":"Nursing Innovation Development Research Project","award":["GDHLYJYQ202407"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GDHLYJYQ202407"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nursing Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: We aim to codesign and test a nurse-led, large language model-empowered agent to increase hepatitis B screening and vaccination for inclusion health populations. Methods: This study employs a double diamond model-guided codesign methodology. It includes four phases: (i) Discover: To identify intervention targets, a systematic review was undertaken that synthesized 51 factors influencing hepatitis B screening and vaccination among inclusion health populations. A qualitative study will later be conducted to further elucidate specific cultural barriers in the Chinese context. (ii) Define: To delineate effective intervention designs, two systematic reviews were performed, informing the integration of nurse-led intervention components (e.g., counseling, case management, and care coordination) and adaptation of a large language model to address identified intervention targets. (iii) Develop: To codesign an agent, hepatitis B prevention datasets will be constructed with subsequent model adaptations through fine-tuning and retrieval-augmented generation, as well as collaborations among diverse stakeholders. It will facilitate human\u2013agent interactive consultation, intelligent case management, and care coordination, as well as collaborate with a nurse-led multidisciplinary team to manage hepatitis B screening, vaccination, and care linkage. (iv) Deliver: To evaluate and refine the agent, a mixed-methodology will be adopted, encompassing quantitative evaluation of model response, as well as qualitative evaluation of user experience, technical barriers, and potential benefits. Discussion: This intervention is expected to improve hepatitis B screening and vaccination rates among inclusion health populations, thereby enhancing diagnosis, immunity, and care linkage. It will establish a codesign framework for nursing-specific large language models, broadening the impact of nurses on preventive health equity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nursrep16020074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T08:51:09Z","timestamp":1771491069000},"page":"74","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Codesigning a Nurse-Led, Large Language Model-Empowered Agent to Increase Hepatitis B Screening and Vaccination for Inclusion Health Populations: A Research Protocol"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8170-432X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caixia","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Department of Nursing, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 5\/F The Administration Building, Shenzhen 518033, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Nursing, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9651-8311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zheng","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The School of Nursing, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1520-1783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marques Shek Nam","family":"Ng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xia","family":"Fu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Department of Nursing, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, 5\/F The Administration Building, Shenzhen 518033, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Solomon, D., and Lo, P.C. 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