{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T14:51:46Z","timestamp":1782399106127,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782345600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nursing Reports"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Clinical reasoning is a vital competency for safe nursing practice, yet no validated Arabic instrument exists to assess this skill among nursing students in Saudi Arabia. Aim: This study aimed to translate, culturally adapt, and psychometrically evaluate the Arabic version of the Clinical Reasoning Scale (CRS) and to investigate clinical reasoning among Saudi nursing students. Methods: This methodological instrument validation study with a cross-sectional survey component was conducted in Saudi Arabia between January 2024 and May 2025 among nursing students. The Arabic Clinical Reasoning Scale (CRS-A) was translated and culturally adapted in accordance with the WHOQOL Group guidelines for instrument translation. Content validity was assessed by 10 experts, and construct validity was evaluated using exploratory factor analysis (n = 365). The response rate was 98.65%. Internal consistency was evaluated using Cronbach\u2019s alpha (n = 365), and test\u2013retest reliability (n = 30) was measured with the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) over a two-week period. Descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and independent sample t-tests were also performed. Results: The tool\u2019s content validity (S-CVI = 0.98) was confirmed by a panel of experts. The CRS-A demonstrated excellent temporal stability (ICC = 0.95, p &lt; 0.001) and internal consistency (Cronbach\u2019s \u03b1 = 0.935). The exploratory factor analysis showed that the 16 items\u2019 factor loadings ranged from 0.542 to 0.807, and three factors accounted for 64.33% of the total variance. Students self-reported agreement with clinical reasoning abilities (mean scores: 3.81\u20134.18). No significant differences in clinical reasoning were found by age (p = 0.102) or gender (p = 0.226), but significant differences were found by Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) (p &lt; 0.001). Conclusions: The Arabic Clinical Reasoning Scale demonstrated preliminary psychometric performance for measuring clinical reasoning among Arabic-speaking student nurses. It provides educators with a valuable tool for identifying learning needs and evaluating educational interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nursrep16070214","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T12:37:55Z","timestamp":1782391075000},"page":"214","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Arabic Clinical Reasoning Scale Among Nursing Students"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Minimole Kalarickal","family":"Kunjan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing Foundation, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai 600116, India"},{"name":"Nursing Department, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran 31932, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1654-8391","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Avudaippan","family":"Seethalakshmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nursing Foundation, Faculty of Nursing, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research, Porur, Chennai 600116, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zechariah Jebakumar","family":"Arulanantham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Research and Publication Department, Vice Deanship of Postgraduate Studies and Scientific Research, Prince Sultan Military College of Health Sciences, Dhahran 31932, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sethuraman","family":"Nagalakshmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutics, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute for Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai 600116, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bae, J., Lee, J., Choi, M., Jang, Y., Park, C.G., and Lee, Y.J. 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