{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,4]],"date-time":"2026-04-04T22:01:26Z","timestamp":1775340086601,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618876800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Brazilian Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq)","award":["404181\/2012-0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["404181\/2012-0"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo e Pesquisa do Estado Amazonas","award":["06201954\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["06201954\/2015"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Leishmaniasis is an infectious disease caused by Leishmania parasites. A Th1 immune response is necessary in the acute phase to control the pathogen. The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1 is a potent amplifier of inflammation. Our aim is to identify whether the TREM1 variant rs2234237 A\/T (Thr25Ser) is associated with the disease development of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Leishmania guyanensis-infected individuals. The effects of the rs2234237 genotypes on plasma cytokines IL-1\u03b2, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, MCP-1 and TNF-\u03b1 are also investigated. Methods: 838 patients with CL and 818 healthy controls (HCs) living in the same endemic areas were genotyped by Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism. Plasma cytokines were assayed in 400 patients with CL and 400 HCs using the BioPlex assay. Results: The genotypes\u2019 and alleles\u2019 frequencies were similar in both patients with CL (AA = 618, 74%; AT = 202, 24%; TT = 18, 2%) and in HCs (AA = 580, 71%; AT = 220, 27%; TT = 18, 2%). Rs2234237 showed a modest effect on plasma IL-10 that disappeared when correction of the p-value was applied. Plasma IL-10 by rs2234237 genotypes were (mean \u00b1 SEM; AA = 2.91 pg\/mL \u00b1 0.14; AT = 2.35 pg\/mL \u00b1 0.12; TT = 3.14 pg\/mL \u00b1 0.56; p = 0.05). Conclusion: The TREM1 rs2234237 (Thr25Ser) seems to have no influence on the susceptibility or resistance to L. guyanensis infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10040498","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]],"date-time":"2021-04-20T13:58:04Z","timestamp":1618927084000},"page":"498","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["TREM1 rs2234237 (Thr25Ser) Polymorphism in Patients with Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused by Leishmania guyanensis: A Case-Control Study in the State of Amazonas, Brazil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7922-6090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9","family":"do Esp\u00edrito Santo J\u00fanior","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Imunologia B\u00e1sica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus 69080-900, AM, Brazil"},{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina Nilton Lins, Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus 69058-030, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tirza","family":"Gabrielle Ramos de Mesquita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus 69040-000, AM, Brazil"},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luan","family":"Diego Oliveira da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina Nilton Lins, Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus 69058-030, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Felipe","family":"Jules de Ara\u00fajo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina Nilton Lins, Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus 69058-030, AM, Brazil"},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus 69040-000, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Josu\u00e9","family":"Lacerda de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina Nilton Lins, Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus 69058-030, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tha\u00eds","family":"Carneiro de Lacerda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina Nilton Lins, Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus 69058-030, AM, Brazil"},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus 69040-000, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lener","family":"Santos da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus 69040-000, AM, Brazil"},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udio","family":"Marcello da Silveira J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Krys","family":"Layane Guimar\u00e3es Duarte Queiroz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diogo Matos","family":"dos Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina Nilton Lins, Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus 69058-030, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cilana","family":"Chagas da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9ctor","family":"David Graterol Sequera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus 69040-000, AM, Brazil"},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Tamayo Hermida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina Nilton Lins, Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus 69058-030, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4273-2678","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mara","family":"L\u00facia Gomes de Souza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus 69040-000, AM, Brazil"},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Vinitius de Farias Guerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus 69040-000, AM, Brazil"},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rajendranath","family":"Ramasawmy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Imunologia B\u00e1sica e Aplicada, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus 69080-900, AM, Brazil"},{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina Nilton Lins, Universidade Nilton Lins, Manaus 69058-030, AM, Brazil"},{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus 69040-000, AM, Brazil"},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus 69040-000, AM, Brazil"},{"name":"Genomic Health Surveillance Network: Optimization of Assistance and Research in the State of Amazonas (REGESAM), Manaus 69040-000, AM, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"951","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(18)31204-2","article-title":"Leishmaniasis","volume":"392","author":"Burza","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"(2020, September 17). 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