{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:09:36Z","timestamp":1760234976595,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,27]],"date-time":"2021-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100015756","name":"Sociedad Espa\u00f1ola de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiolog\u00eda Cl\u00ednica","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020 Research Grant"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020 Research Grant"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100015756","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Strongyloidiasis affects an estimated 600 million people worldwide, especially in tropical and subtropical areas. Single-dose ivermectin treatment has shown to be effective among immunocompetent patients with uncomplicated strongyloidiasis. Here, we present the protocol of the ImmunoStrong study, a prospective observational study aiming to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of a single-dose ivermectin for treatment of uncomplicated strongyloidiasis in immunosuppressed patients. The secondary objectives are to assess accuracy of molecular techniques for the follow-up of these patients and to determine the population pharmacokinetics of ivermectin. The information retrieved by this study will cover relevant information gaps in the strongyloidiasis management among immunosuppressed patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10070812","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,27]],"date-time":"2021-06-27T23:57:22Z","timestamp":1624838242000},"page":"812","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Effectiveness and Safety of a Single-Dose Ivermectin Treatment for Uncomplicated Strongyloidiasis in Immunosuppressed Patients (ImmunoStrong Study): The Study Protocol"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0546-1354","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Salvador","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Vall d\u2019Hebron University Hospital, PROSICS Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Lucas-Dato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Vega Baja, 03314 Orihuela, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7982-0890","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia","family":"Roure","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, North Metropolitan International Health Unit, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, PROSICS North Metropolitan, 08916 Badalona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5522-3728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Arsuaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tropical Medicine Unit, Infectious Diseases Department, La Paz-Carlos III University Hospital, 28046 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asunci\u00f3n","family":"P\u00e9rez-Jacoiste","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Universitario 12 de Octubre, 28041 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Magdalena","family":"Garc\u00eda-Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, 46014 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8735-4124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 A.","family":"P\u00e9rez-Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Referral Unit for Tropical Diseases, Infectious Diseases Department, Hospital Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, IRYCIS, 28034 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0108-6822","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dora","family":"Buonfrate","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Tropical Diseases and Microbiology, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital, Negrar, 37024 Verona, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8950-5766","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 Mar\u00eda","family":"Saugar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Parasitology Department, Centro Nacional de Microbiolog\u00eda, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28222 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Israel","family":"Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Department, Vall d\u2019Hebron University Hospital, PROSICS Barcelona, 08035 Barcelona, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,27]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buonfrate, D., Bisanzio, D., Giorli, G., Odermatt, P., F\u00fcrst, T., Greenaway, C., French, M., Reithinger, R., Gobbi, F., and Montresor, A. (2020). The global prevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis infection. Pathogens, 9.","key":"ref_1","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9060468"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"8505","article-title":"The global progress of soil-transmitted helminthiases control in 2020 and World Health Organization targets for 2030","volume":"14","author":"Montresor","year":"2020","journal-title":"Negl. Trop. Dis."},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Puthiyakunnon, S., Boddu, S., Li, Y., Zhou, X., Wang, C., Li, J., and Chen, X. (2014). Strongyloidiasis\u2014An insight into its global prevalence and management. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 8.","key":"ref_3","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003018"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.17.1.208-217.2004","article-title":"Strongyloides stercoralis in the immunocompromised population","volume":"17","author":"Keiser","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. Microbiol. Rev."},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buonfrate, D., Requena-M\u00e9ndez, A., Angheben, A., Mu\u00f1oz, J., Gobbi, F., Van den Ende, J., and Bisoffi, Z. (2013). Severe strongyloidiasis: A systematic review of case reports. BMC Infect. Dis., 13.","key":"ref_5","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-13-78"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barroso, M., Salvador, F., S\u00e1nchez-Montalv\u00e1, A., Bosch-Nicolau, P., and Molina, I. (2019). Strongyloides stercoralis infection: A systematic review of endemic cases in Spain. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 13.","key":"ref_6","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007230"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"515","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-020-04391-w","article-title":"Systemic profile of immune factors in an elderly Italian population affected by chronic strongyloidiasis","volume":"13","author":"Tiberti","year":"2020","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lucas-Dato, A., Pacheco-Tenza, M.I., Borrajo-Brunete, E., Mart\u00ednez-L\u00f3pez, B., Garc\u00eda-L\u00f3pez, M., Gonz\u00e1lez-Cuello, I., Gregori-Colom\u00e9, J., Navarro-Cots, M., Saugar, J.M., and Garc\u00eda-V\u00e1zquez, E. (2020). Strongyloidiasis in Sothern Alicante (Spain): Comparative retrospective study of autochtonous and imported cases. Pathogens, 9.","key":"ref_8","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9080601"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Salvador, F., Trevi\u00f1o, B., Chamorro-Tojeiro, S., S\u00e1nchez-Montalv\u00e1, A., Herrero-Mart\u00ednez, J.M., Rodr\u00edguez-Guardado, A., Serre-Delcor, N., Torr\u00fas, D., Goikoetxea, J., and Zubero, Z. (2019). Imported strongyloidiasis: Data from 1245 cases registered in the +REDIVI Spanish Collaborative Network (2009\u20132017). PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 13.","key":"ref_9","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0007399"},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1111\/tmi.13352","article-title":"Strongyloidiasis screening in migrants living in Spain: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"25","author":"Salvador","year":"2020","journal-title":"Trop. Med. Int. Health"},{"unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (2021, April 10). Public Health Guidance on Screening and Vaccination for Infectious Diseases in Newly Arrived Migrants within the EU\/EEA. Available online: https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/sites\/default\/files\/documents\/Public%20health%20guidance%20on%20screening%20and%20vaccvaccina%20of%20migrants%20in%20the%20EU%20EEA.pdf.","key":"ref_11"},{"key":"ref_12","first-page":"CD007745","article-title":"Ivermectin versus albendazole or thiabendazole for Strongyloides stercoralis infection","volume":"1","author":"Gotuzzo","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst. Rev."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"48","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2020.10.005","article-title":"Ivermectin: An anthelmintic, an insecticide, and much more","volume":"37","author":"Martin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1181","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(19)30289-0","article-title":"Multiple-dose versus single-dose ivermectin for Strongyloides stercoralis infection (Strong Treat 1 to 4): A multicentre, open-label, phase 3, randomized controlled superiority trial","volume":"19","author":"Buonfrate","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2014.10.020","article-title":"Application of real-time PCR for the detection of Strongyloides spp. in clinical samples in a reference center in Spain","volume":"142","author":"Saugar","year":"2015","journal-title":"Acta Trp."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1111\/bcp.13840","article-title":"Population pharmacokinetics of oral ivermectin in venous plasma and dried blood spots in healthy volunteers","volume":"85","author":"Duthaler","year":"2019","journal-title":"Br. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"121","DOI":"10.1080\/20477724.2020.1857491","article-title":"Epidemiological and clinical profile of immunosuppressed patients with imported strongyloidiasis: A substudy from a larger cohort of the +REDIVI Spanish Collaborative Network","volume":"115","author":"Salvador","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pathog. Glob. Health"},{"key":"ref_18","first-page":"2321","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of different strategies for screening and treatment of Strongyloides stercoralis in migrants from endemic counties to the European Union","volume":"5","author":"Shedrawy","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ Glob. Health"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bisoffi, Z., Buonfrate, D., Sequi, M., Mejia, R., Cimino, R.O., Krolewiecki, A.J., Albonico, M., Gobbo, M., Bonafini, S., and Angheben, A. (2014). Diagnostic accuracy of five serologic tests for Strongyloides stercoralis infection. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 8.","key":"ref_19","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002640"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Buonfrate, D., Requena-Mendez, A., Angheben, A., Cinquini, M., Cruciani, M., Fittipaldo, A., Giorli, G., Gobbi, F., Piubelli, C., and Bisoffi, Z. (2018). Accuracy of molecular biology techniques for the diagnosis of Strongyloides stercoralis infection\u2014A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 12.","key":"ref_20","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006229"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"367","DOI":"10.11622\/smedj.2014088","article-title":"Detection of Strongyloides stercoralis infection among cancer patients in a major hospital in Kelantan, Malaysia","volume":"55","author":"Zueter","year":"2014","journal-title":"Singapore Med. J."}],"container-title":["Pathogens"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-0817\/10\/7\/812\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T06:25:07Z","timestamp":1760163907000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-0817\/10\/7\/812"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,27]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]}},"alternative-id":["pathogens10070812"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pathogens10070812","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-0817"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2076-0817"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,27]]}}}