{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:09:52Z","timestamp":1760234992627,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]],"date-time":"2021-06-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624924800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001409","name":"Department of Science and Technology, Ministry of Science and Technology, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["S.R; SB\/S2\/JCB-65\/2014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S.R; SB\/S2\/JCB-65\/2014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001409","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001412","name":"Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, India","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["13(8734-A)\/2014-Pool"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["13(8734-A)\/2014-Pool"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001412","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sodium antimonials are one of the major and common drugs used against visceral form leishmaniasis (VL). However, the development of drug resistance makes it difficult to manage this disease. Current work investigates the modulation of splenic B cells during experimental infection with antimony-sensitive and -resistant Leishmania\u00a0donovani infection. Here we phenotypically characterized splenic B cell subsets in BALB\/c mice infected with antimony drug-sensitive and -resistant VL strains using flow-cytometry method. In the splenocytes we noticed increased number of Transitional T3 B cells and B1a B cells in drug-resistant VL strain infection. Besides, we also observed alteration in Follicular B cell population of antimony-resistant strain infected mice. Drug-resistant strain induced secretion of elevated level of IL-10 from B1a B cells and IL-6 from Transitional T3 B cell subsets in the splenocytes. Purified splenic B cells from antimony drug-resistant strain infected mice showed decrease in the Lyn kinase gene expression compared to sensitive strain infected and uninfected mice. The current study provides insight into changes in host splenic B-cell subsets during experimental infection with antimony-sensitive and -resistant L. donovani in murine model.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10070814","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]],"date-time":"2021-06-29T10:52:46Z","timestamp":1624963966000},"page":"814","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Modulation of Splenic B Cell Subsets during Experimental Leishmania donovani Infection in BALB\/c Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6557-4273","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koushik","family":"Mondal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Hamilton Eye Institute, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shantanabha","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Zoology, Diamond Harbour Women\u2019s University, Sarisha, South 24 Parganas, West Bengal 743368, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Khudiram","family":"Naskar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Syamal","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata 700032, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.19.1.111-126.2006","article-title":"Drug resistance in leishmaniasis","volume":"19","author":"Croft","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin. 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