{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T10:41:15Z","timestamp":1788345675280,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":118,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630368000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012456","name":"National Social Science Fund of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["[82073097 (SL), 81874139 (SL), 81672991 (SL), 82072594 (YT), and 81672787 (YT)]."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["[82073097 (SL), 81874139 (SL), 81672991 (SL), 82072594 (YT), and 81672787 (YT)]."]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012456","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Epstein\u2013Barr virus (EBV), a type 4 \u03b3 herpes virus, is recognized as a causative agent in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Incidence of EBV-positive NPC have grown in recent decades along with worse outcomes compared with their EBV-negative counterparts. Latent membrane protein 1 (LMP1), encoded by EBV, induces NPC progression. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a member of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK), is a driver of tumorigenesis, including for NPC. Little data exist on the relationship between EGFR and EBV-induced NPC. In our initial review, we found that LMP1 promoted the expression of EGFR in NPC in two main ways: the NF-\u03baB pathway and STAT3 activation. On the other hand, EGFR also enhances EBV infection in NPC cells. Moreover, activation of EGFR signalling affects NPC cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. Since EGFR promotes tumorigenesis and progression by downstream signalling pathways, causing poor outcomes in NPC patients, EGFR-targeted drugs could be considered a newly developed anti-tumor drug. Here, we summarize the major studies on EBV, EGFR, and LMP1-regulatory EGFR expression and nucleus location in NPC and discuss the clinical efficacy of EGFR-targeted agents in locally advanced NPC (LA NPC) and recurrent or metastatic NPC (R\/M NPC) patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10091113","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]],"date-time":"2021-08-31T21:59:45Z","timestamp":1630447185000},"page":"1113","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma: The Role of the EGFR in Epstein\u2013Barr Virus Infection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5874-3857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xintong","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1388-7336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanling","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2354-5321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yongguang","family":"Tao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Department of Pathology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis of the Ministry of Health, Cancer Research Institute, School of Basic Medicine, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China"},{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hunan Key Laboratory of Tumor Models and Individualized Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shuang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology, Institute of Medical Sciences, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fitzsimmons, L., and Kelly, G.L. 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