{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T02:27:03Z","timestamp":1760236023462,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,17]],"date-time":"2021-10-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634428800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"This work was supported by a research grant from Jeju National Univeristy Hospital Research Fund of Jeju National Univeristy College of Medicine in 2020","award":["2021-0030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021-0030"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Coxiella burnetii infects humans and wild and domesticated animals. Although reported cases on Jeju Island, off the coast of South Korea, are rare, the region is considered to have a high potential for Q fever. We investigated the seroprevalence of antibodies to C. burnetii in 230 farmers living in ten rural areas on Jeju Island between January 2015 and December 2019. Blood samples were collected and examined for C. burnetii Phase I\/II IgM and IgG antibodies. Trained researchers collected ticks from rural areas. Clone XCP-1 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing was performed to identify Coxiella species from the collected ticks. The overall seroprevalence of antibodies to C. burnetii in farmers was 35.7%. The seroprevalence was significantly higher in fruit farmers. Of the collected ticks, 5.4% (19\/351) of the Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks harbored C. burnetti. A high seroprevalence of antibodies to C. burnetii was observed in this region of Jeju Island, confirming that C. burnetti is endemic. Physicians should thus consider Q fever in the differential diagnosis of patients that present with acute fever after participating in outdoor activities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10101337","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,17]],"date-time":"2021-10-17T23:05:47Z","timestamp":1634511947000},"page":"1337","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Seroreactivity to Coxiella burnetii in an Agricultural Population and Prevalence of Coxiella burnetii Infection in Ticks of a Non-Endemic Region for Q Fever in South Korea"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Jeong-Rae","family":"Yoo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63241, Korea"},{"name":"Center for Farmers\u2019 Safety and Health, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju 63241, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mi-Sun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju 63241, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sang-Taek","family":"Heo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63241, Korea"},{"name":"Center for Farmers\u2019 Safety and Health, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju 63241, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyun-Joo","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju 63241, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jung-Hwan","family":"Oh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Farmers\u2019 Safety and Health, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju 63241, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63241, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seo-Young","family":"Ko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Farmers\u2019 Safety and Health, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju 63241, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63241, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeong-Ho","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Farmers\u2019 Safety and Health, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju 63241, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63241, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung-Kgun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Farmers\u2019 Safety and Health, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju 63241, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63241, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Woo-Seong","family":"Jeong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63241, Korea"},{"name":"Center for Farmers\u2019 Safety and Health, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju 63241, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gil-Myeong","family":"Seong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63241, Korea"},{"name":"Center for Farmers\u2019 Safety and Health, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju 63241, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyun-Jung","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Farmers\u2019 Safety and Health, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju 63241, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju 63241, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chul-Hoo","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Farmers\u2019 Safety and Health, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju 63241, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju 63241, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ji-Hyun","family":"Moon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Farmers\u2019 Safety and Health, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju 63241, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63241, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9600-461X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Keun-Hwa","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 04763, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung-Wook","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Farmers\u2019 Safety and Health, Jeju National University Hospital, Jeju 63241, Korea"},{"name":"Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63241, Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro3049","article-title":"Molecular pathogenesis of the obligate intracellular bacterium Coxiella 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