{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T06:35:04Z","timestamp":1789022104156,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]],"date-time":"2021-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1637020800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Romanian Ministry of Research, Innovation, and Digitization","award":["NUCLEU PN 19 14 02 02_47N\/2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NUCLEU PN 19 14 02 02_47N\/2019"]}]},{"name":"Romanian Ministry of Research, Innovation, and Digitization","award":["H.G. nr.786\/2014 Installations and Special Objectives of National Interest"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H.G. nr.786\/2014 Installations and Special Objectives of National Interest"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In the absence of consistent national molecular typing data to enhance the surveillance of Salmonella Enteritidis, it was considered useful to collect baseline information on the genetic diversity and antibiotic susceptibility of strains isolated in Romania between January 2016 and April 2020 and compare them to strains described in major international outbreaks of the same period. A collection of 245 clinical isolates were genotyped by a standardised multiple-locus variable-number of tandem repeats analysis (MLVA) 5-loci protocol and screened for antimicrobial resistance against 15 compounds. Twenty strains were further subjected to whole genome sequencing (WGS) and compared to epidemiologically relevant high-throughput sequencing data available in European databases. Twenty-seven MLVA genotypes were identified, of which three, commonly reported in Europe between 2016\u20132020, covered 72% of the collection. Antibiotic resistance was detected in 30% of the strains, with resistance to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin as the most common phenotype, and also associated with two prevalent MLVA clones. WGS-derived multilocus sequence typing (MLST) revealed a single sequence type (ST11) further resolved into 10 core-genome MLST complex types. The minimum spanning tree constructed from the cgMLST data clustered Romanian and international strains, which shared more than 95% of the core genes, revealing links with a contemporaneous multi-country outbreak. This study could be regarded as a forerunner to the advent of using this integrative approach in the public health practice at a national level and thus contribute to the concerted actions at a European level to stop outbreaks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens10111490","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,17]],"date-time":"2021-11-17T02:42:28Z","timestamp":1637116948000},"page":"1490","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Snapshot of the Genetic Diversity of Salmonella Enteritidis Population Involved in Human Infections in Romania Taken in the European Epidemiological Context"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Codruta-Romanita","family":"Usein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cCantacuzino\u201d National Military Medical Institute for Research and Development, 050096 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7673-5957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mihaela","family":"Oprea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cCantacuzino\u201d National Military Medical Institute for Research and Development, 050096 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana Simona","family":"Ciontea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cCantacuzino\u201d National Military Medical Institute for Research and Development, 050096 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sorin","family":"Dinu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cCantacuzino\u201d National Military Medical Institute for Research and Development, 050096 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Cristea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u201cCantacuzino\u201d National Military Medical Institute for Research and Development, 050096 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lavinia Cipriana","family":"Zota","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Surveillance and Control of Communicable Diseases, National Institute of Public Health, 050463 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saara","family":"Kotila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control, 16973 Solna, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"European Food Safety Authority, and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (2021). 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