{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T07:36:34Z","timestamp":1778571394187,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,31]],"date-time":"2021-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640908800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Vector control using larvicides is the main alternative strategy to address limits of preventive chemotherapy using ivermectin for the control of onchocerciasis. However, it remains substantially limited by implementation difficulties, ecological concerns and the resistance of vector populations. Therefore, efficient and environmentally safe alternative control strategies are still needed. This study explores the composition of the blackfly bacteriome and its variability in the presence of Onchocerca volvulus infection, in order to determine their potential as a novel vector control-based approach to fight onchocerciasis. An entomological survey of a collection of samples was performed in the Bafia health district, a historical endemic focus for onchocerciasis in Cameroon. A total of 1270 blackflies were dissected and the infection rate was 10.1%, indicative of ongoing transmission of onchocerciasis in the surveyed communities. Sequencing process of blackflies\u2019 gut DNA for bacteria screening revealed 14 phyla and 123 genera, highlighting the diversity of gut blackflies bacterial communities. Eight bacteria formed the core of blackfly bacteriome and Wolbachia was the predominant genus with 73.4% of relative abundance of blackflies\u2019 gut bacterial communities. Acidomonas and Roseanomas genera were significantly abundant among infected blackflies (p = 0.01), whereas other genera such as Brevibacterium and Fructobacillus were associated with the absence of infection (p = 0.0009). Differences in gut bacterial distribution of blackflies according to their infection status by the parasite suggest a causal relationship between the bacteriome composition and the onset of blackflies\u2019 infection by O. volvulus or vice versa. Blackfly native bacteria are then potentially involved in infection by O. volvulus, either by facilitating or preventing the parasite infestation of the vector. These bacteria represent an interesting potential as a biological tool\/target for a novel approach of vector control to fight onchocerciasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11010044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,3]],"date-time":"2022-01-03T20:49:38Z","timestamp":1641242978000},"page":"44","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Bacteriome Diversity of Blackflies\u2019 Gut and Association with Onchocerca volvulus, the Causative Agent of Onchocerciasis in Mbam Valley (Center Region, Cameroon)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Arnauld","family":"Efon Ekangouo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaound\u00e9 P.O. Box 5797, Cameroon"},{"name":"UMR InterTryp, IRD (Institut de Recherche Pour le D\u00e9veloppement), University of Montpellier, F-34394 Montpellier, France"},{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4496-6048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hugues C.","family":"Nana Djeunga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaound\u00e9 P.O. Box 5797, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Guilhem","family":"Sempere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UMR InterTryp, IRD (Institut de Recherche Pour le D\u00e9veloppement), University of Montpellier, F-34394 Montpellier, France"},{"name":"South Green Bioinformatics Platform, Biodiversity, F-34934 Montpellier, France"},{"name":"UMR InterTryp, CIRAD (Centre de Coop\u00e9ration Internationale en Recherche Agronomique Pour le D\u00e9veloppement), Campus International de Baillarguet, F-34398 Montpellier, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Kamgno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaound\u00e9 P.O. Box 5797, Cameroon"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Flobert","family":"Njiokou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Moundipa Fewou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Geiger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Research on Filariasis and other Tropical Diseases (CRFilMT), Yaound\u00e9 P.O. Box 5797, Cameroon"},{"name":"UMR InterTryp, IRD (Institut de Recherche Pour le D\u00e9veloppement), University of Montpellier, F-34394 Montpellier, France"},{"name":"Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Yaound\u00e9 I, Yaound\u00e9, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"71","DOI":"10.2149\/tmh.2015-S12","article-title":"Review of the Biology and Ecology of Adult Blackflies in Relation to the Transmission of Onchocerciasis in Guatemala","volume":"43","author":"Takaoka","year":"2015","journal-title":"Trop. Med. 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