{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T03:55:46Z","timestamp":1782878146786,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,8]],"date-time":"2022-02-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1644278400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2013\/21379-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013\/21379-8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: Peritonitis due to nonfermenting Gram-negative bacilli (NF-GNB) is a dramatic complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD) with bad outcomes. Previous studies of PD-related peritonitis due to Pseudomonas species have shown a low-resolution rate, without a high resistance rate to antipseudomonal antibiotics. This suggests that bacterial virulence factors can act and influence peritonitis evolution. This study aimed to describe the microbiological characteristics of NF-GNB causing PD-related peritonitis and analyze their influence on the outcome. (2) Methods: We analyze the 48 isolates from NF-GNB peritonitis, which were stored in our culture collection regarding bacterial resistance, biofilm, and other virulence factors\u2019 production, and clonal profile. Additionally, we collected data on treatment and outcomes from patients\u2019 clinical registers. (3) Results: The etiologies were species of Pseudomonas (50%), Acinetobacter (36%), and other NF-GNB (14%). There was a high (75%) proportion of biofilm producer lineages. The in vitro susceptibility rate of Pseudomonas spp. to amikacin, ciprofloxacin, and ceftazidime was significantly greater than that of Acinetobacter spp. and other species; however, there was a similar low-resolution rate (&lt;45%) among the episodes attributable to them. Pseudomonas species have a polyclonal profile, while we found a clone of five multiresistant Acinetobacter baumannii over an 8-year interval (2000\u20132008), which suggest an origin from the healthcare environment. (4) Conclusions: We are not able to identify any predictor of outcome, but it is possible that biofilm and others virulence factors can act in concert and contribute to the bad outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11020218","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,8]],"date-time":"2022-02-08T23:42:20Z","timestamp":1644363740000},"page":"218","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Phenotypic and Molecular Characterization of Nonfermenting Gram-Negative Bacilli Causing Peritonitis in Peritoneal Dialysis Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Ana Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Moro Lima dos Santos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ci\u00eancias Qu\u00edmicas e Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto de Bioci\u00eancias, Universidade Estadual Paulista J\u00falio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aydir Cec\u00edlia Marinho","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ci\u00eancias Qu\u00edmicas e Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto de Bioci\u00eancias, Universidade Estadual Paulista J\u00falio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tha\u00eds Alves","family":"Barbosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ci\u00eancias Qu\u00edmicas e Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto de Bioci\u00eancias, Universidade Estadual Paulista J\u00falio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danilo Fl\u00e1vio Moraes","family":"Riboli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ci\u00eancias Qu\u00edmicas e Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto de Bioci\u00eancias, Universidade Estadual Paulista J\u00falio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6834-0085","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Henrique","family":"Camargo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Bacteriologia, Instituto Adolfo Lutz, S\u00e3o Paulo 01246-902, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriano Martison","family":"Ferreira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hospital das Cl\u00ednicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Botucatu 18607-741, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro Lia","family":"Mondelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Cl\u00ednica M\u00e9dica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Estadual Paulista J\u00falio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Augusto Cezar","family":"Montelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Cl\u00ednica M\u00e9dica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Estadual Paulista J\u00falio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rodrigo Tavanelli","family":"Hernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ci\u00eancias Qu\u00edmicas e Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto de Bioci\u00eancias, Universidade Estadual Paulista J\u00falio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9079-2723","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria de Lourdes","family":"Ribeiro de Souza da Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Ci\u00eancias Qu\u00edmicas e Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto de Bioci\u00eancias, Universidade Estadual Paulista J\u00falio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4979-4836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pasqual","family":"Barretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Cl\u00ednica M\u00e9dica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Estadual Paulista J\u00falio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-970, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"456","DOI":"10.1177\/089686080302300509","article-title":"Staphylococcus aureus prophylaxis and trends in gram-negative infections in peritoneal dialysis patients","volume":"23","author":"Piraino","year":"2003","journal-title":"Perit. 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