{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T01:42:24Z","timestamp":1792806144085,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,22]],"date-time":"2022-02-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645488000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Agencia Espa\u00f1ola de Investigaci\u00f3n, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovaci\u00f3n y Universidades de Espa\u00f1a","award":["RTI2018-098658-B-C21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RTI2018-098658-B-C21"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05r0vyz12","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Abortion and reproductive failures induced by Brucella are the main symptoms of animal brucellosis. Laboratory animal models are essential tools of research to study the Brucella pathogenesis before experimentation in natural hosts. To extend the existing knowledge, we studied B. melitensis 16M (virulent) and Rev1 (attenuated) as well as B. suis bv2 infections in pregnant mice. Here, we report new information about kinetics of infection (in spleens, blood, placentas, vaginal shedding, and foetuses), serum cytokine profiles, and histopathological features in placentas and the litter throughout mice pregnancy. Both B. melitensis strains showed a marked placental tropism and reduced viability of pups (mainly in 16M infections), which was preceded by an intense Th1-immune response during placental development. In contrast, B. suis bv2 displayed lower placental tropism, mild proinflammatory immune response, and scarce bacterial transmission to the litter, thus allowing foetal viability. Overall, our studies revealed three different smooth Brucella patterns of placental and foetal pathogenesis in mice, providing a useful animal model for experimental brucellosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11030279","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,22]],"date-time":"2022-02-22T22:35:00Z","timestamp":1645569300000},"page":"279","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Kinetics of Placental Infection by Different Smooth Brucella Strains in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2784-7426","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irati","family":"Poveda-Urkixo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Agrobiotecnolog\u00eda (IdAB, CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra), Avda. Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8606-1378","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gustavo A.","family":"Ram\u00edrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Universidad de Lleida, 25198 Lleida, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1819-0186","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda-Jes\u00fas","family":"Grill\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Instituto de Agrobiotecnolog\u00eda (IdAB, CSIC-Gobierno de Navarra), Avda. Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2014.00213","article-title":"Retrospective and prospective perspectives on zoonotic brucellosis","volume":"5","author":"Moreno","year":"2014","journal-title":"Front. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dworkin, M., Falkow, S., Rosenberg, E., Schleifer, K.H., and Stackebrandt, E. (2006). The Genus Brucella. The Prokaryotes, Springer.","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-30743-5"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00021-19","DOI":"10.1128\/MMBR.00021-19","article-title":"Uncovering the Hidden Credentials of Brucella Virulence","volume":"85","author":"Roop","year":"2021","journal-title":"Microbiol. Mol. Biol. 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