{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T04:36:59Z","timestamp":1775018219049,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1659312000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>As of 15 June, there have been, globally, a total of 2103 laboratory-confirmed cases and one probable case of Monkeypox, including one death. We report two cases of vesicular infectious diseases, one of those is the first case of Monkeypox in the Campania Region. The report, therefore, highlights a recrudescent infection disease that could represent a challenge in differential diagnosis with other vesicular infectious diseases such as Varicella Zoster Virus, during a pandemic season that does not seem to end. Indeed, varicella should be carefullu considered in differential diagnosis according to its vesicular or pustular rash to have a prompt diagnosis and public health response in case of monkeypox infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11080869","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]],"date-time":"2022-08-01T21:01:24Z","timestamp":1659387684000},"page":"869","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Monkeypox Clinical Features and Differential Diagnosis: First Case in Campania Region"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7826-1820","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Novella","family":"Carannante","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Room Infection Disease Cotugno Hospital AORN dei Colli, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Tiberio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology Cotugno Hospital AORN dei Colli, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raffaele","family":"Bellopede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Room Infection Disease Cotugno Hospital AORN dei Colli, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michela","family":"Liguori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Room Infection Disease Cotugno Hospital AORN dei Colli, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filomena","family":"Di Martino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Room Infection Disease Cotugno Hospital AORN dei Colli, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Maturo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Room Infection Disease Cotugno Hospital AORN dei Colli, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Raffaele","family":"Di Sarno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Room Infection Disease Cotugno Hospital AORN dei Colli, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4928-9840","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sabrina","family":"Scarica","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Room Infection Disease Cotugno Hospital AORN dei Colli, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3139-7672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanna","family":"Fusco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno via Salute, 2, 80055 Portici, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3050-1095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorena","family":"Cardillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno via Salute, 2, 80055 Portici, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0948-5513","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudio","family":"de Martinis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Mezzogiorno via Salute, 2, 80055 Portici, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luigi","family":"Atripaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathology Central Laboratory Hospital AORN dei Colli, 80131 Naple, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2812-8500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessandro","family":"Perrella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Division Emergency Infectious Disease and High Contagiousness Cotugno Hospital AORN dei Colli, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) (2022, May 31). Multi-Country Monkeypox Outbreak in Non-Endemic Countries: Update, Available online: https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/disease-outbreak-news\/item\/2022-DON388."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"223","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jviromet.2010.07.012","article-title":"Real-time PCR assays for the specific detection of monkeypox virus West African and Congo Basin strain DNA","volume":"169","author":"Li","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Virol. Methods"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Dumont, C., Irenge, L.M., Magazani, E.K., Garin, D., Muyembe, J.J., Bentahir, M., and Gala, J.L. (2014). Simple technique for in field samples collection in the cases of skin rash illness and subsequent PCR detection of orthopoxviruses and varicella zoster virus. PLoS ONE, 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0096930"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1547","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msy096","article-title":"MEGA X: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis across computing platforms","volume":"35","author":"Kumar","year":"2018","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Evol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-1-4832-3211-9.50009-7","article-title":"Evolution of protein molecules","volume":"3","author":"Jukes","year":"1969","journal-title":"Mamm. Protein Metab."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"783","DOI":"10.2307\/2408678","article-title":"Confidence limits on phylogenies: An approach using the bootstrap","volume":"39","author":"Felsenstein","year":"1985","journal-title":"Evolution"},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) (2022, May 23). 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Available online: https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/987191\/coverage-of-varicella-vaccine-in-italy\/."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"241","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2018.00241","article-title":"Emergence of monkeypox as the most important Orthopoxvirus infection in humans","volume":"6","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. 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