{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T00:08:34Z","timestamp":1790726914274,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]],"date-time":"2022-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661126400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"internal collaborative project of Institute Pasteur of Tunis","award":["LR11IPT03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LR11IPT03"]}]},{"name":"Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education, Scientific Research, and Technology","award":["LR11IPT03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LR11IPT03"]}]},{"name":"Laboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary Microbiology in Institute Pasteur of Tunis","award":["LR11IPT03"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LR11IPT03"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Enterobacteriaceae are becoming widespread enzymes in food-producing animals worldwide. Escherichia coli and Klebseilla pneumoniae are two of the most significant pathogens causing mastitis. Our study focused on the characterization of the genetic support of ESBL\/pAmpC and antibiotic resistance mechanisms in cefotaxime-resistant (CTXR) and susceptible (CTXS) Enterobacteriaceae isolates, recovered from bovine mastitis in Tunisia, as well as the analyses of their clonal lineage and virulence-associated genes. The study was carried out on 17 ESBL\/pAmpC E. coli and K. pneumoniae and 50 CTXS\u00a0E. coli. Detection of resistance genes and clonal diversity was performed by PCR amplification and sequencing. The following \u03b2-lactamase genes were detected: blaCTX-M-15 (n = 6), blaCTX-M-15 + blaOXA-1 (2), bla CTX-M-15 + blaOXA-1 + blaTEM-1b (2), blaCTX-M-15 + blaTEM-1b (4), blaCMY-2 (3). The MLST showed the following STs: ST405 (n = 4 strains); ST58 (n = 3); ST155 (n = 3); ST471 (n = 2); and ST101 (n = 2). ST399 (n = 1) and ST617 (n = 1) were identified in p(AmpC) E. coli producer strains. The phylogroups A and B1 were the most detected ones, followed by the pathogenic phylogroup B2 that harbored the shigatoxin genes stx1\/stx2, associated with the cnf, fimA, and aer virulence factors. The qnrA\/qnrB, aac(6\u2032)-Ib-cr genes and integrons class 1 with different gene cassettes were detected amongst these CTXR\/S isolated strains. The presence of different genetic lineages, associated with resistance and virulence genes in pathogenic bacteria in dairy farms, may complicate antibiotic therapies and pose a potential risk to public health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11080948","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]],"date-time":"2022-08-22T21:30:34Z","timestamp":1661203834000},"page":"948","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Lineages, Virulence Gene Associated and Integrons among Extended Spectrum \u03b2-Lactamase (ESBL) and CMY-2 Producing Enterobacteriaceae from Bovine Mastitis, in Tunisia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8229-6727","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahlem","family":"Jouini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary Microbiology, Group of Bacteriology and Biotechnology Development, Institute Pasteur of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amira","family":"Klibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary Microbiology, Group of Bacteriology and Biotechnology Development, Institute Pasteur of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Souhir","family":"Kmiha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary Microbiology, Group of Bacteriology and Biotechnology Development, Institute Pasteur of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Safa","family":"Hamrouni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary Microbiology, Group of Bacteriology and Biotechnology Development, Institute Pasteur of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0758-039X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdeljelil","family":"Ghram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary Microbiology, Group of Bacteriology and Biotechnology Development, Institute Pasteur of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abderrazak","family":"Maaroufi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Epidemiology and Veterinary Microbiology, Group of Bacteriology and Biotechnology Development, Institute Pasteur of Tunis, University of Tunis El Manar, Tunis 1002, Tunisia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"475","DOI":"10.1051\/vetres:2003027","article-title":"Production effects related to mastitis and mastitis economics in dairy cattle herds","volume":"34","author":"Seegers","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vet. 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