{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T01:04:26Z","timestamp":1760231066491,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]],"date-time":"2022-08-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1661212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Board of Riverside Community Health Foundation"},{"name":"Pain Free Kids"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: High-titer convalescent plasma given early for COVID-19 may decrease progression into a severe infection. Here, we reported a study of serial antibody measurements in patients who received CP at our center and performed a systematic review of randomized trials on CP. Methods: Our center participated in the Mayo Clinic Expanded Access Program for COVID-19 Convalescent Plasma. Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 by nasopharyngeal polymerase chain reaction at our center between April and August 2020 were included in the study if staffing was available for specimen collection. Through a colloidal gold immunochromatography assay, these patients\u2019 IgM and IgG antibody responses were measured at baseline (Day 0) and after transfusion (Day 1, 2, etc.). Donor CP antibody levels were measured as well. Results: 110 serum specimens were obtained from 21 COVID-19 patients, 16 of whom received CP. The median time from developing symptoms to receiving CP was 11 days (range 4\u201321). In 9 of 14 (64%) cases where both recipient and donor CP antibody levels were tested, donor COVID-19 IgG was lower than that of the recipient. Higher donor antibody levels compared with the recipient (R = 0.71, p &lt; 0.01) and low patient IgG before CP transfusion (p = 0.0108) correlated with increasing patient IgG levels from baseline to Day 1. Among all patients, an increased COVID-19 IgG in the short-term and longitudinally was positively correlated with improved clinical outcomes (\u03c1 = 0.69, p = 0.003 and \u03c1 = 0.58, p &lt; 0.006, respectively). Conclusions: In a real-world setting where donor CP was not screened for the presence of antibodies, CP in donors might have less COVID-19 IgG than in recipients. An increase in patient antibody levels in the short term and longitudinally was associated with improved clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11090958","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,24]],"date-time":"2022-08-24T00:22:48Z","timestamp":1661300568000},"page":"958","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Convalescent Plasma for COVID-19: A Single Center Prospective Experience with Serial Antibody Measurements and Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Sonia N.","family":"Whang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8976-6712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vivek D.","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5370-2557","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lu","family":"Pu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Parthiv","family":"Sheth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gina N.","family":"Lucas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joanne","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Curtis","family":"Lacy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0998-2157","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Penelope J.","family":"Duerksen-Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valeri","family":"Filippov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Basic Science, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David J. H.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Veltman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kanwaljeet","family":"Maken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark E.","family":"Reeves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wesley Tait","family":"Stevens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Herrmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Human Anatomy, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huynh","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hematology and Oncology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiu396","article-title":"The effectiveness of convalescent plasma and hyperimmune immunoglobulin for the treatment of severe acute respiratory infections of viral etiology: A systematic review and exploratory meta-analysis","volume":"211","author":"Baillie","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. 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