{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,3]],"date-time":"2026-11-03T13:03:42Z","timestamp":1793711022640,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,30]],"date-time":"2022-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1664496000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed to assess the current progress of dog-mediated rabies control and the level of political commitment among 88 rabies-endemic countries and to provide further recommendations for the elimination of dog-mediated rabies by 2030. A correlational study was conducted using data and relevant regulations from the websites of international organizations and NGOs. In general, rabies was yet to be considered a priority disease and only one out of five countries and territories has prepared a national strategic plan for rabies control and prevention. Likewise, scores of dog-mediated rabies control indicators such as dog vaccination rate and the number of post-exposure prophylaxis per 1000 people remained minimal. There were also regional differences in preparation for dog-mediated rabies control and progress towards elimination. In particular, more efforts are needed for Pan-African Rabies Control Network (PARACON) member countries. In order to meet the goal of global dog-mediated zero rabies by 2030, both dog-mediated rabies control activities such as dog vaccination and strong political commitment should be strengthened and promoted in all rabies-endemic regions of the world.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11101130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,10]],"date-time":"2022-10-10T01:21:07Z","timestamp":1665364867000},"page":"1130","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["A Regional Analysis of the Progress of Current Dog-Mediated Rabies Control and Prevention"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0137-5360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Koji","family":"Kanda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ananda","family":"Jayasinghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20040, Sri Lanka"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chandrika","family":"Jayasinghe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya 20040, Sri Lanka"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahiko","family":"Yoshida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Medicine, School of Medicine, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2018). WHO Expert Consultation on Rabies, World Health Organization."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hampson, K., Coudeville, L., Lembo, T., Sambo, M., Kieffer, A., Attlan, M., Barrat, J., Blanton, J.D., Briggs, D.J., and Cleaveland, S. (2015). Estimating the global burden of endemic canine rabies. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 9.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0003786"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"World Health Organization, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, World Organisation for Animal Health, and Global Alliance for Rabies Control Partners for Rabies Prevention (2018). Zero by 30: The Global Strategic Plan to End Human Deaths from Dog-Mediated Rabies by 2030, World Health Organization, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, World Organisation for Animal Health."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"348","DOI":"10.1093\/inthealth\/ihu098","article-title":"Outcomes of a school-based intervention on rabies prevention among school children in rural Sri Lanka","volume":"7","author":"Kanda","year":"2015","journal-title":"Int. Health"},{"key":"ref_5","first-page":"55","article-title":"A pilot study on the usefulness of information and education campaign materials in enhancing the knowledge, attitude and practice on rabies in rural Sri Lanka","volume":"3","author":"Matibag","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dev. Ctries."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"779","article-title":"Systematic Review: Interventions to Educate Children About Dog Safety and Prevent Pediatric Dog-Bite Injuries: A Meta-Analytic Review","volume":"42","author":"Shen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Pediatr. Psychol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duperrex, O., Blackhall, K., Burri, M., and Jeannot, E. (2009). Education of children and adolescents for the prevention of dog bite injuries. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev., CD004726.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD004726.pub2"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2019.00119","article-title":"Impact of Integrating Rabies Education Into the Curriculum of Public Elementary Schools in Ilocos Norte, Philippines on Rabies Knowledge, and Animal Bite Incidence","volume":"7","author":"Amparo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_9","unstructured":"World Organisation for Animal Health, World Health Organization, and Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (2015). Rabies: Rationale for Investing in the Global Elimination of Dog-Mediated Human Rabies, World Health Organization."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(02)00778-8","article-title":"A dog rabies vaccination campaign in rural Africa: Impact on the incidence of dog rabies and human dog-bite injuries","volume":"21","author":"Cleaveland","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1016\/0264-410X(95)00197-9","article-title":"Immunization coverage required to prevent outbreaks of dog rabies","volume":"14","author":"Coleman","year":"1996","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2012.03.069","article-title":"Canine rabies vaccination and domestic dog population characteristics in the developing world: A systematic review","volume":"30","author":"Davlin","year":"2012","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.4103\/2224-3151.206247","article-title":"Sri Lanka takes action towards a target of zero rabies death by 2020","volume":"5","author":"Harischandra","year":"2016","journal-title":"WHO South East Asia J. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2017.00078","article-title":"A Century Spent Combating Rabies in Morocco (1911-2015): How Much Longer?","volume":"4","author":"Darkaoui","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.20506\/rst.38.1.2953","article-title":"Progress towards rabies control and elimination in Vietnam","volume":"38","author":"Nguyen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev. Sci. Tech."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2410","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-59109-w","article-title":"Trends and clinico-epidemiological features of human rabies cases in Bangladesh 2006\u20132018","volume":"10","author":"Ghosh","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7808517","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/7808517","article-title":"Surveillance Opportunities and the Need for Intersectoral Collaboration on Rabies in Sri Lanka","volume":"2019","author":"Nihal","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Vet. Med."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1111\/zph.12183","article-title":"Surveillance of Human Rabies by National Authorities\u2014A Global Survey","volume":"62","author":"Taylor","year":"2015","journal-title":"Zoonoses Public Health"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2013.04.004","article-title":"Control and prevention of canine rabies: The need for building laboratory-based surveillance capacity","volume":"98","author":"Banyard","year":"2013","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106080","DOI":"10.1016\/j.actatropica.2021.106080","article-title":"Public health implication towards rabies elimination in Sri Lanka: A systematic review","volume":"223","author":"Kanda","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"658454","DOI":"10.3389\/fvets.2021.658454","article-title":"Cross-Sectoral Zoonotic Disease Surveillance in Western Kenya: Identifying Drivers and Barriers Within a Resource Constrained Setting","volume":"8","author":"Thomas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1389","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(13)62707-5","article-title":"Current status of rabies and prospects for elimination","volume":"384","author":"Fooks","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2015.10.002","article-title":"The Pan-African Rabies Control Network (PARACON): A unified approach to eliminating canine rabies in Africa","volume":"124","author":"Scott","year":"2015","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2018.07.018","article-title":"Formation of the Asian Rabies Control Network (ARACON): A common approach towards a global good","volume":"157","author":"Coetzer","year":"2018","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"ref_25","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2013). WHO Expert Consultation on Rabies: Second Report, World Health Organization."},{"key":"ref_26","first-page":"360","article-title":"Re-evaluating the burden of rabies in Africa and Asia","volume":"83","author":"Knobel","year":"2005","journal-title":"Bull. World Health Organ."},{"key":"ref_27","unstructured":"US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2021, April 09). Is Rabies in Your State?, Available online: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/rabies\/location\/usa\/surveillance\/."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20120143","DOI":"10.1098\/rstb.2012.0143","article-title":"Progress towards eliminating canine rabies: Policies and perspectives from Latin America and the Caribbean","volume":"368","author":"Vigilato","year":"2013","journal-title":"Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. B Biol. Sci."},{"key":"ref_29","unstructured":"Ueki, H. (2007). Tokyo Rabies Epidemic Journal (Reprint Edition), Jiku Publishers. (In Japanese)."},{"key":"ref_30","unstructured":"Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan [MHLW] (2021, September 14). Rabies. (In Japanese)."},{"key":"ref_31","unstructured":"MHLW (2021, September 14). Annual Trend of the Number of Registered and Vaccinated Dogs in 1955\u20132019. (In Japanese)."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2017.03.023","article-title":"Successful strategies implemented towards the elimination of canine rabies in the Western Hemisphere","volume":"143","author":"Escobar","year":"2017","journal-title":"Antivir. Res."},{"key":"ref_33","unstructured":"Global Alliance for Rabies Control (2021, August 20). Stepwise Approach towards Rabies Elimination (SARE). Available online: https:\/\/rabiesalliance.org\/tools\/planning-tools\/sare."}],"container-title":["Pathogens"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-0817\/11\/10\/1130\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:44:16Z","timestamp":1760143456000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-0817\/11\/10\/1130"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,30]]},"references-count":33,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10]]}},"alternative-id":["pathogens11101130"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pathogens11101130","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-0817"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-0817","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,30]]}}}