{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T00:30:37Z","timestamp":1767832237027,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]],"date-time":"2022-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1668643200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"HerbRay\u2122 Biotech, Ltd. (Taipei City, Taiwan)","award":["1092630"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1092630"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Many severe epidemics are caused by enteroviruses (EVs) and coronaviruses (CoVs), including feline coronavirus (FCoV) in cats, epidemic diarrhea disease virus (PEDV) in pigs, infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in chickens, and EV71 in human. Vaccines and antiviral drugs are used to prevent and treat the infection of EVs and CoVs, but the effectiveness is affected due to rapidly changing RNA viruses. Many plant extracts have been proven to have antiviral properties despite the continuous mutations of viruses. Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) has high phenolic content and has been used as healthy food materials, livestock feed, biofuels, and more. This study tested the antiviral properties of P. purpureum extract against FCoV, PEDV, IBV, and EV71 by in vitro cytotoxicity assay, TCID50 virus infection assay, and chicken embryo infection assay. The findings showed that P. purpureum extract has the potential of being disinfectant to limit the spread of CoVs and EVs because the extract can inhibit the infection of EV71, FCoV, and PEDV in cells, and significantly reduce the severity of symptoms caused by IBV in chicken embryos.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11111371","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,18]],"date-time":"2022-11-18T03:29:50Z","timestamp":1668742190000},"page":"1371","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Antiviral Properties of Pennisetum purpureum Extract against Coronaviruses and Enteroviruses"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4821-8511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yi-Ning","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2217-359X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenny Mei-Wen","family":"Kao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shu-Chi","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jaw-Min","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Sheng","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Bioscience Technology, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 320314, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ming-Kun","family":"Hsieh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Microbiology and Public Health, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City 40227, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105246","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2022.105246","article-title":"Human coronaviruses: Origin, host and receptor","volume":"155","author":"Tang","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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