{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T12:52:39Z","timestamp":1766407959203,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]],"date-time":"2022-11-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"JSPS KAKENHI Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Research (Exploratory)","award":["22K19645"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K19645"]}]},{"name":"SATREPS Project (JICA\/AMED) for Parasitic Diseases in Laos","award":["22K19645"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K19645"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Schistosomiasis mekongi infection represents a public health concern in Laos and Cambodia. While both countries have made significant progress in disease control over the past few decades, eradication has not yet been achieved. Recently, several studies reported the application of loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) for detecting Schistosoma DNA in low-transmission settings. The objective of this study was to develop a LAMP assay for Schistosoma mekongi using a simple DNA extraction method. In particular, we evaluated the utility of the LAMP assay for detecting S. mekongi DNA in human stool and snail samples in endemic areas in Laos. We then used the LAMP assay results to develop a risk map for monitoring schistosomiasis mekongi and preventing epidemics. A total of 272 stool samples were collected from villagers on Khon Island in the southern part of Laos in 2016. DNA for LAMP assays was extracted via the hot-alkaline method. Following the Kato-Katz method, we determined that 0.4% (1\/272) of the stool samples were positive for S. mekongi eggs, as opposed to 2.9% (8\/272) for S. mekongi DNA based on the LAMP assays. Snail samples (n = 11,762) were annually collected along the riverside of Khon Island from 2016 to 2018. DNA was extracted from pooled snails as per the hot-alkaline method. The LAMP assay indicated that the prevalence of S. mekongi in snails was 0.26% in 2016, 0.08% in 2017, and less than 0.03% in 2018. Based on the LAMP assay results, a risk map for schistosomiasis with kernel density estimation was created, and the distribution of positive individuals and snails was consistent. In a subsequent survey of residents, schistosomiasis prevalence among villagers with latrines at home was lower than that among villagers without latrines. This is the first study to develop and evaluate a LAMP assay for S. mekongi detection in stools and snails. Our findings indicate that the LAMP assay is an effective method for monitoring pathogen prevalence and creating risk maps for schistosomiasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11121413","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,25]],"date-time":"2022-11-25T02:05:37Z","timestamp":1669341937000},"page":"1413","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Detection of Schistosoma mekongi DNA in Human Stool and Intermediate Host Snail Neotricula aperta via Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification Assay in Lao PDR"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8371-513X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takashi","family":"Kumagai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emilie Louise Akiko","family":"Matsumoto-Takahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan"},{"name":"Graduate School of Public Health, St. Luke\u2019s International University, Tokyo 104-0044, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hirofumi","family":"Ishikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3598-3118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sengdeuane","family":"Keomalaphet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur du Laos, Ministry of Health, Vientiane P.O. Box 3560, Laos"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Phonepadith","family":"Khattignavong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur du Laos, Ministry of Health, Vientiane P.O. Box 3560, Laos"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pheovaly","family":"Soundala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur du Laos, Ministry of Health, Vientiane P.O. Box 3560, Laos"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bouasy","family":"Hongvanthong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Malariology, Parasitology and Entomology, Ministry of Health, Vientiane P.O. Box 0100, Laos"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kei","family":"Oyoshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth Observation Research Center, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAEA), Tsukuba 305-8505, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshinobu","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth Observation Research Center, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAEA), Tsukuba 305-8505, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yousei","family":"Mizukami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth Observation Research Center, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAEA), Tsukuba 305-8505, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9050-4955","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shigeyuki","family":"Kano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan"},{"name":"Institut Pasteur du Laos, Ministry of Health, Vientiane P.O. Box 3560, Laos"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul T.","family":"Brey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur du Laos, Ministry of Health, Vientiane P.O. Box 3560, Laos"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Moritoshi","family":"Iwagami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan"},{"name":"Institut Pasteur du Laos, Ministry of Health, Vientiane P.O. Box 3560, Laos"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO (2019). Schistosomiasis and Soil-Transmitted Helminthiases: Numbers of People Treated in 2019\u2013Schistosomiase et G\u00e9ohelminthiases: Nombre de Personnes Trait\u00e9es En 2019. Wkly. Epidemiol. 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