{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T21:43:46Z","timestamp":1786657426456,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]],"date-time":"2022-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1669593600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior\u2013Brasil (CAPES)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior\u2013Brasil (CAPES)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["308486\/2021-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["308486\/2021-8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","award":["308486\/2021-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["308486\/2021-8"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mammary pathogenic E. coli (MPEC) is one of the main pathogens of environmental origin responsible for causing clinical mastitis worldwide. Even though E. coli are strongly associated with transient or persistent mastitis and the economic impacts of this disease, the virulence factors involved in the pathogenesis of MPEC remain unknown. Our aim was to characterize 110 MPEC isolates obtained from the milk of cows with clinical mastitis, regarding the virulence factor-encoding genes present, adherence patterns on HeLa cells, and antimicrobial resistance profile. The MPEC isolates were classified mainly in phylogroups A (50.9%) and B1 (38.2%). None of the isolates harbored genes used for diarrheagenic E. coli classification, but 26 (23.6%) and 4 (3.6%) isolates produced the aggregative or diffuse adherence pattern, respectively. Among the 22 genes investigated, encoding virulence factors associated with extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli pathogenesis, fimH (93.6%) was the most frequent, followed by traT (77.3%) and ompT (68.2%). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis analysis revealed six pulse-types with isolates obtained over time, thus indicating persistent intramammary infections. The genes encoding beta-lactamases detected were as follows: blaTEM (35\/31.8%); blaCTX-M-2\/blaCTX-M-8 (2\/1.8%); blaCTX-M-15 and blaCMY-2 (1\/0.9%); five isolates were classified as extended spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producers. As far as we know, papA, shf, ireA, sat and blaCTX-M-8 were detected for the first time in MPEC. In summary, the genetic profile of the MPEC studied was highly heterogeneous, making it impossible to establish a common genetic profile useful for molecular MPEC classification. Moreover, the detection of ESBL-producing isolates is a serious public health concern.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11121435","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,29]],"date-time":"2022-11-29T01:42:02Z","timestamp":1669686122000},"page":"1435","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":22,"title":["Genetic and Antimicrobial Resistance Profiles of Mammary Pathogenic E. coli (MPEC) Isolates from Bovine Clinical Mastitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"Fernanda C.","family":"Campos","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-691, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivana G.","family":"Castilho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-691, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruna F.","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-691, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3229-3405","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c9rika C. R.","family":"Bonsaglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-691, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7839-4677","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"St\u00e9fani T. A.","family":"Dantas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-691, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Regiane C. B.","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-691, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ary","family":"Fernandes J\u00fanior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-691, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6695-6003","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo T.","family":"Hernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-691, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos H.","family":"Camargo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bacteriology Division, Adolfo Lutz Institute, S\u00e3o Paulo 01246-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M\u00e1rcio G.","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 C. F.","family":"Pantoja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5127-0762","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e9lio","family":"Langoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Hygiene and Public Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-681, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4280-5619","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vera L. M.","family":"Rall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, S\u00e3o Paulo State University, Botucatu 18618-691, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3431","DOI":"10.7717\/peerj.3431","article-title":"Detection and drug resistance profile of Escherichia coli from subclinical mastitis cows and water supply in dairy farms in Saraburi Province","volume":"5","author":"Hinthong","year":"2017","journal-title":"Thailand Peer J."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cvfa.2018.07.003","article-title":"Methods for diagnosing mastitis","volume":"34","author":"Adkins","year":"2018","journal-title":"Vet. Clin. 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