{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T14:47:46Z","timestamp":1787755666726,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671062400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, a significant decrease in non-COVID-19 respiratory illnesses were observed, suggesting that the implementation of measures against COVID-19 affected the transmission of other respiratory pathogens. The aim of this study was to highlight the changes in the epidemiology of respiratory pathogens in children during the COVID-19 pandemic. All children with Severe Acute respiratory illness admitted to the pediatric departments between January 2018 and December 2021 with negative COVID-19 PCR, were enrolled. The detection of respiratory pathogens was made by the Film Array Respiratory Panel. A total of 902 respiratory specimens were tested. A significantly lower positivity rate during the COVID-19 period was found (p = 0.006), especially in infants under 6 months (p = 0.008). There was a substantial absence of detection of Respiratory Syncytial Virus and Influenza A during the winter season following the outbreak of the pandemic (p &lt; 0.05; p = 0.002 respectively). An inter-seasonal resurgence of Respiratory Syncytial Virus was noted. Human Rhinovirus was detected throughout the year, and more prevalent in winter during COVID-19 (p = 0.0002). These changes could be explained by the impact of the implementation of preventive measures related to the COVID-19 pandemic on the transmission of respiratory pathogens in children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11121542","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]],"date-time":"2022-12-15T01:52:30Z","timestamp":1671069150000},"page":"1542","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Changes in the Epidemiology of Respiratory Pathogens in Children during the COVID-19 Pandemic"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9507-0743","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asmae","family":"Lamrani Hanchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology, University Hospital Mohamed VI, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40030, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3963-1366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Morad","family":"Guennouni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, Higher Institute of Health Sciences of Settat, Hassan First University of Settat, Settat 26000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Toufik","family":"Ben Houmich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology, University Hospital Mohamed VI, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40030, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Echchakery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Health Sciences and Technologies, Higher Institute of Health Sciences of Settat, Hassan First University of Settat, Settat 26000, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ghizlane","family":"Draiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Department, University Hospital Mohamed VI, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Marrakech, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40030, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Noureddine","family":"Rada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Department, University Hospital Mohamed VI, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Marrakech, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40030, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Said","family":"Younous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital Mohamed VI, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Marrakech, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40030, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Bouskraoui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Department, University Hospital Mohamed VI, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy of Marrakech, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40030, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nabila","family":"Soraa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology, University Hospital Mohamed VI, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech 40030, Morocco"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zhao, Y., Lu, R., Shen, J., Xie, Z., Liu, G., and Tan, W. 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