{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T05:00:36Z","timestamp":1787029236233,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]],"date-time":"2022-12-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671408000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Zoonosis Surveillance Division\u2014Health Surveillance Coordination\u2014Municipal Health Department\u2014S\u00e3o Paulo SP\/Brazil, CNPq (Brazilian National Board for Scientific and Technological Development)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["302503\/2021-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["302503\/2021-8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Zoonosis Surveillance Division\u2014Health Surveillance Coordination\u2014Municipal Health Department\u2014S\u00e3o Paulo SP\/Brazil, CNPq (Brazilian National Board for Scientific and Technological Development)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018\/12417-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018\/12417-7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"CAPES (Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior, Brasil) Finance Code 001 and FAPESP (The S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["302503\/2021-8"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["302503\/2021-8"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001807","name":"CAPES (Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior, Brasil) Finance Code 001 and FAPESP (The S\u00e3o Paulo Research Foundation)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018\/12417-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018\/12417-7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001807","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lyssavirus rabies (RABV) is an RNA virus and, therefore, is subject to mutations due to low RNA polymerase replication fidelity, forming a population structure known as a viral quasispecies, which is the core of RNA viruses\u2019 adaptive strategy. Under new microenvironmental conditions, the fittest populations are selected, and the study of this process on the molecular level can help determine molecular signatures related to virulence. Our aim was to survey gene signatures on nucleoprotein and glycoprotein genes that might be involved in virulence modulation during the in vitro evolution of RABV lineages after serial passages in a neuronal cell system with or without the presence of neutralizing antibodies based on replicative fitness, in vivo neurotropism and protein structure and dynamics. The experiments revealed that amino acids at positions 186 and 188 of the glycoprotein are virulence factors of Lyssavirus rabies, and site 186 specifically might allow the attachment to heparan as a secondary cell receptor, while polymorphism at position 333 might allow the selection of escape mutants under suboptimal neutralizing antibodies titers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11121556","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]],"date-time":"2022-12-19T04:54:13Z","timestamp":1671425653000},"page":"1556","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Evolution of Rabies Virus Isolates: Virulence Signatures and Effects of Modulation by Neutralizing Antibodies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"11","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3377-0576","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana Amorim","family":"Conselheiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Diagnostics of Zoonosis and Vector-borne Diseases (LabZoo), Zoonosis Surveillance Division, Health Surveillance Coordination, Municipal Health Department, S\u00e3o Paulo 02031-020, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gisely Toledo","family":"Barone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Diagnostics of Zoonosis and Vector-borne Diseases (LabZoo), Zoonosis Surveillance Division, Health Surveillance Coordination, Municipal Health Department, S\u00e3o Paulo 02031-020, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sueli Akemi Taniwaki","family":"Miyagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheila Oliveira","family":"de Souza Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Washington Carlos","family":"Agostinho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joana","family":"Aguiar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0213-7839","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo Eduardo","family":"Brand\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo 05508-270, SP, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"184","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.10416.1","article-title":"Lyssaviruses and rabies: Current conundrums, concerns, contradictions and controversies","volume":"6","author":"Rupprecht","year":"2017","journal-title":"F1000Research"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Fooks, A.R., and Jackson, A.C. 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