{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T19:18:38Z","timestamp":1780514318208,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]],"date-time":"2022-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1671753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the National Research Foundation (NRF)","award":["77633"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["77633"]}]},{"name":"the University of Venda\u2019s research and publication committee","award":["77633"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["77633"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Infections by the parasite E. histolytica are increasing in HIV-infected individuals. Interleukin (IL-10) plays an important role in maintaining the mucosal barrier. Therefore, the seroprevalence of E. histolytica was investigated in relation to the IL-10 serum concentration among HIV- infected patients. A total of 647 blood samples were collected from asymptomatic HIV-infected patients. The Entamoeba histolytica antigen (GALNAC lectin) and serum antibodies were assessed using specific ELISAs (TECHLAB, Virginia, USA). IL10 blood levels were measured using a commercial ELISA test, and the results were analyzed using parametric and non-parametric statistical tests. The Gal\/GALNAC lectin was detected in only 0.5% (3\/647) of individuals, and the antibodies against E. histolytica were detected in 65.2% (422\/647) of the samples. A significant increase in IL-10 levels was found in 68.1% of patients who were sero-negative for E. histolytica antibodies compared to patients who were sero-positive. There is a high level of exposure to E. histolytica among HIV patients in South Africa, although the prevalence of amoebic liver abscesses might be low. This study revealed that elevated levels of IL-10 might be associated with a reduced risk of amebiasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12010019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]],"date-time":"2022-12-23T02:09:03Z","timestamp":1671761343000},"page":"19","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Interleukin 10 (IL-10) Production and Seroprevalence of Entamoeba histolytica Infection among HIV-Infected Patients in South Africa"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9235-1542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Renay","family":"Ngobeni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, Limpopo, South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey Naledzani","family":"Ramalivhana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SAMRC-UNIVEN: Antimicrobial and Global Health Research Unit, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, Limpopo, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7868-1075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Afsatou Ndama","family":"Traore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, Limpopo, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7410-5695","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amidou","family":"Samie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Venda, Thohoyandou 0950, Limpopo, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Fischer Walker, C.L., Perin, J., Martin, J., Aryee, M.J., Cynthia Boschi-Pinto, C., and Black, R.E. 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