{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:50:46Z","timestamp":1760147446944,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675382400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Carlos Chagas Filho de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ)","award":["E-26\/201.330\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E-26\/201.330\/2016"]}]},{"name":"FAPERJ","award":["E-26\/201.330\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["E-26\/201.330\/2016"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The impact of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on people living with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) is unknown. The aim of this study is to evaluate the COVID-19 risk factors and outcomes of HTLV-1-infected individuals. A retrospective study of seropositive HTLV-1 outpatients seen during the COVID-19 pandemic period (2020\u20132022) was conducted in a Tertiary Hospital in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. We compared the demographic and comorbidity\/risk factors in patients with COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 diagnoses. In addition, the clinical features of COVID-19 and vaccination status were also investigated in 51 HTLV-1-infected individuals. The majority (88.2%) had COVID-19 comorbidity\/risk factors. Seven cases were vaccinated against COVID-19. Overall, 19 out of 51 (37.3%) individuals were diagnosed with COVID-19. We found differences only in the frequency of anxiety in both groups: 57.9% in the COVID-19 group vs. 15.6% in the non-COVID-19 (p &lt; 0.05) group. Thirteen out of nineteen (68%) of the COVID-19 cases progressed to mild\/moderate illness, one remained asymptomatic, and 26.3% progressed to severe illness. All of the individuals recovered at home, but the majority (57.9%) developed post-COVID-19 symptoms: anosmia and ageusia (31.6%), worsening anxiety (15.8%), and a feeling of pain in the legs (15.8%). The patients with post-COVID-19 conditions were unvaccinated. Our findings show that HTLV-1 did not increase the risk of lethal COVID-19 and underline the importance of promoting mental health in HTLV-1-infected individuals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12020242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]],"date-time":"2023-02-03T02:05:28Z","timestamp":1675389928000},"page":"242","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["COVID-19 among People Living with HTLV-1 Infection in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6007-9142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marzia","family":"Puccioni-Sohler","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola de Medicina e Cirurgia, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20271-062, RJ, Brazil"},{"name":"Post-Graduation in Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9469-2858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alana Cristina Jasset","family":"Miranda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola de Medicina e Cirurgia, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20271-062, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"C\u00edntia","family":"da Silva Mello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post-Graduation in Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"St\u00e9phanie Monnerat","family":"Magalh\u00e3es","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola de Medicina e Cirurgia, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20271-062, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1848-5996","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luciane Cardoso","family":"dos Santos Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Post-Graduation in Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-913, RJ, Brazil"},{"name":"Immunology Laboratory, Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Gaffr\u00e9e e Guinle-Ebserh, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20271-062, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dario J. H. P.","family":"Signorini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Escola de Medicina e Cirurgia, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 20271-062, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2022, March 05). 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