{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T18:34:50Z","timestamp":1787510090443,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]],"date-time":"2023-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680307200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2021R1A2C1011579"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2021R1A2C1011579"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Toxoplasma gondii, a major zoonotic pathogen distributed worldwide, causes severe infections in humans, animals, and birds. However, limited information is available regarding T. gondii infection in livestock in the Republic of Korea (ROK). Herein, we determined the prevalence of T. gondii infection in livestock in the ROK and identified animal species that can potentially transmit T. gondii to humans. B1 gene-targeting nested polymerase chain reaction detected T. gondii DNA in 3.3% (2\/61), 2.9% (3\/105), 14.1% (11\/78), and 15.4% (14\/91) of dairy cattle, beef cattle, Boer goats, and Korean native goats, respectively. The prevalence of T. gondii was significantly higher (p = 0.002) in goats than in cattle. The risk of contracting T. gondii infection was significantly higher by 6.18-fold in Korean native goats (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.72\u201322.27%, p = 0.005) and by 5.58-fold in Boer goats (95% CI: 1.50\u201320.76%, p = 0.010) than in beef cattle. Our T. gondii DNA sequences exhibited 97.1\u2013100% homology with those obtained from various hosts in other countries. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report T. gondii infection using the blood samples of domestic ruminants in the ROK. The results revealed that the prevalence of T. gondii infection is higher in goats than in cattle as determined by molecular detection. Thus, these findings suggest that T. gondii can be transmitted from ruminants to humans via meat consumption.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12040547","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,3]],"date-time":"2023-04-03T02:32:27Z","timestamp":1680489147000},"page":"547","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Molecular Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in Blood Samples of Domestic Livestock in the Republic of Korea"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Min-Jeong","family":"Ji","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyung-Chul","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yu-Jin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dong-Hun","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinho","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Jeonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2271-5360","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kyoung-Seong","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, College of Ecology and Environmental Science, Kyungpook National University, Sangju 37224, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetpar.2004.09.005","article-title":"Toxoplasmosis\u2013A waterborne zoonosis","volume":"126","author":"Dubey","year":"2004","journal-title":"Vet. 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