{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T06:16:14Z","timestamp":1777356974584,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,6]],"date-time":"2023-04-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1680739200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Fogarty International Center\/NIH","award":["D43TW001140"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D43TW001140"]}]},{"name":"Fogarty International Center\/NIH","award":["R01AI14355301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI14355301"]}]},{"name":"Fogarty International Center\/NIH","award":["U19AI129909"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U19AI129909"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\/NIH","award":["D43TW001140"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D43TW001140"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\/NIH","award":["R01AI14355301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI14355301"]}]},{"name":"National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)\/NIH","award":["U19AI129909"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U19AI129909"]}]},{"name":"Peru-JHU TMRC Program (Improving Diagnostic and Management Tools for Neurocysticercosis)","award":["D43TW001140"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["D43TW001140"]}]},{"name":"Peru-JHU TMRC Program (Improving Diagnostic and Management Tools for Neurocysticercosis)","award":["R01AI14355301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI14355301"]}]},{"name":"Peru-JHU TMRC Program (Improving Diagnostic and Management Tools for Neurocysticercosis)","award":["U19AI129909"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U19AI129909"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Monoclonal antibody (mAb)-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is a complementary diagnosis technique for neurocysticercosis (NCC), which detects circulating parasite antigen (Ag) indicative of viable infection and Ag levels that correlate well with the parasite burden. In this study, we compared the performance of two Ag-ELISA techniques for the detection of NCC. We assessed the agreement between our in-house TsW8\/TsW5 Ag-ELISA and the widely used B158\/B60 Ag-ELISA for measuring T. solium antigen levels in the sera from 113 patients with calcified, parenchymal, and subarachnoid NCC. Concordance was demonstrated evaluating the limits of agreement (LoAs) stratified by the type of NCC. Both ELISA\u2019s detected 47\/48 (97.8%) subarachnoid NCC cases. In parenchymal and calcified NCC, the B158\/B60 Ag-ELISA detected 19\/24 (79.2%) and 18\/41 (43.9%) cases, while the TsW8\/TsW5 Ag-ELISA detected 21\/24 (87.5%) and 13\/41 (31.7%), respectively. Parenchymal and calcified NCC obtained a perfect agreement (100%), indicating that all sample results were within the predicted LoA, while for subarachnoid NCC, the agreement was 89.6%. The high concordance between the assays was confirmed by Lin\u2019s concordance coefficient (LCC = 0.97). Patients with viable parenchymal NCC (LCC = 0.95) obtained the highest concordance between assays, followed by subarachnoid NCC (LCC = 0.93) and calcified NCC (LCC = 0.92). The TsW8\/TsW5 Ag-ELISA and B158\/B60 Ag-ELISA showed high Ag measurement correlations across diverse types of NCC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12040566","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,6]],"date-time":"2023-04-06T05:54:39Z","timestamp":1680760479000},"page":"566","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Consistent Measurement of Parasite-Specific Antigen Levels in Sera of Patients with Neurocysticercosis Using Two Different Monoclonal Antibody (mAb)-Based Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yesenia","family":"Castillo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15202, Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luz M.","family":"Toribio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15202, Peru"},{"name":"Cysticercosis Unit, National Institute of Neurological Sciences, Lima 15030, Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carolina","family":"Guzman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15202, Peru"},{"name":"Cysticercosis Unit, National Institute of Neurological Sciences, Lima 15030, Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8743-5012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianfranco","family":"Arroyo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15202, Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cindy","family":"Espinoza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15202, Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Herbert","family":"Saavedra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cysticercosis Unit, National Institute of Neurological Sciences, Lima 15030, Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Javier A.","family":"Bustos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15202, Peru"},{"name":"Cysticercosis Unit, National Institute of Neurological Sciences, Lima 15030, Peru"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5381-7987","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pierre","family":"Dorny","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, 2060 Antwerp, Belgium"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seth E.","family":"O\u2019Neal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15202, Peru"},{"name":"School of Public Health, Oregon Health & Sciences, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97207, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hector H.","family":"Garcia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Health, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima 15202, Peru"},{"name":"Cysticercosis Unit, National Institute of Neurological Sciences, Lima 15030, Peru"},{"name":"Department of International Health, Bloomberg School for Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nic.2011.07.005","article-title":"Parasitic diseases of the central nervous system","volume":"21","author":"Watcharakorn","year":"2011","journal-title":"Neuroimaging Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"296","DOI":"10.1590\/0004-282x-anp-2022-s115","article-title":"Update on the diagnosis and management of neurocysticercosis","volume":"80","author":"Takayanagui","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arq. Neuropsiquiatr."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1086\/313470","article-title":"Magnitude of the disease burden from neurocysticercosis in a developing country","volume":"29","author":"Bern","year":"1999","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bruno, E., Bartoloni, A., Zammarchi, L., Strohmeyer, M., Bartalesi, F., Bustos, J.A., Santivanez, S., Garcia, H.H., Nicoletti, A., and Group, C.P.S. (2013). Epilepsy and neurocysticercosis in Latin America: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 7.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0002480"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"349","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-017-2280-8","article-title":"Epidemiology of taeniosis\/cysticercosis in Europe, a systematic review: Western Europe","volume":"10","author":"Devleesschauwer","year":"2017","journal-title":"Parasit. Vectors"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Herrador, Z., Fernandez-Martinez, A., Benito, A., and Lopez-Velez, R. (2018). Clinical Cysticercosis epidemiology in Spain based on the hospital discharge database: What\u2019s new?. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 12.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0006316"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"969","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2106.141324","article-title":"Hospitalization frequency and charges for neurocysticercosis, United States, 2003\u20132012","volume":"21","author":"Flecker","year":"2015","journal-title":"Emerg. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.57.2.177","article-title":"Proposed diagnostic criteria for neurocysticercosis","volume":"57","author":"Rajshekhar","year":"2001","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2016.145","article-title":"Infectious disease: Diagnostic criteria for neurocysticercosis\u2014A difficult update","volume":"12","author":"Gilman","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000480","article-title":"Updates on the management of neurocysticercosis","volume":"31","author":"White","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"246","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000831","article-title":"Neurocysticercosis: An update on diagnosis, treatment, and prevention","volume":"35","author":"White","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gabriel, S., Blocher, J., Dorny, P., Abatih, E.N., Schmutzhard, E., Ombay, M., Mathias, B., and Winkler, A.S. (2012). Added value of antigen ELISA in the diagnosis of neurocysticercosis in resource poor settings. PLoS Negl. Trop. Dis., 6.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001851"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"79","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(03)00058-5","article-title":"Immunodiagnostic tools for human and porcine cysticercosis","volume":"87","author":"Dorny","year":"2003","journal-title":"Acta Trop."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/159.1.50","article-title":"An enzyme-linked immunoelectrotransfer blot assay and glycoprotein antigens for diagnosing human cysticercosis (Taenia solium)","volume":"159","author":"Tsang","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2891","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-019-06425-4","article-title":"Immunodiagnosis of human neurocysticercosis: Comparative performance of serum diagnostic tests in Mexico","volume":"118","author":"Hernandez","year":"2019","journal-title":"Parasitol. Res."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2001.65.31","article-title":"Short report: Transient antibody response in Taenia solium infection in field conditions-a major contributor to high seroprevalence","volume":"65","author":"Garcia","year":"2001","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e154","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/cit422","article-title":"Parasite antigen in serum predicts the presence of viable brain parasites in patients with apparently calcified cysticercosis only","volume":"57","author":"Cordova","year":"2013","journal-title":"Clin. Infect. Dis."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"895","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2007.01860.x","article-title":"Combined use of an antigen and antibody detection enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for cysticercosis as tools in an epidemiological study of epilepsy in Burundi","volume":"12","author":"Kanobana","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trop. Med. Int. Health"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Rodriguez-Hidalgo, R., Carpio, A., Van den Enden, E., and Benitez-Ortiz, W. (2019). Monitoring treatment of Taenia solium- neurocysticercosis by detection of circulating antigens: A case report. BMC Neurol., 19.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-019-1282-x"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"673","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(00)90228-1","article-title":"Serum antigen detection in the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of neurocysticercosis patients","volume":"94","author":"Garcia","year":"2000","journal-title":"Trans. R. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2006.107243","article-title":"Detection of HP10 antigen in serum for diagnosis and follow-up of subarachnoidal and intraventricular human neurocysticercosis","volume":"78","author":"Fleury","year":"2007","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-9203(98)91069-0","article-title":"A specific antigen-detection ELISA for the diagnosis of human neurocysticercosis. The Cysticercosis Working Group in Peru","volume":"92","author":"Garcia","year":"1998","journal-title":"Trans. R Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"ref_23","unstructured":"(2023, March 01). ELISA Cysticercosis Ag Kit (REF.650501). Available online: https:\/\/apdiagroup.com\/we-sell\/elisa\/elisa-apdia\/cysticercosis-antigen\/."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"286","DOI":"10.1179\/2047773212Y.0000000048","article-title":"Immunological and molecular diagnosis of cysticercosis","volume":"106","author":"Rodriguez","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pathog. Glob Health"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pt.2009.12.008","article-title":"Immunodiagnosis of Taenia solium taeniosis\/cysticercosis","volume":"26","author":"Deckers","year":"2010","journal-title":"Trends Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exppara.2016.03.025","article-title":"Anti-Taenia solium monoclonal antibodies for the detection of parasite antigens in body fluids from patients with neurocysticercosis","volume":"166","author":"Paredes","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-4017(97)00226-4","article-title":"Improved detection of circulating antigen in cattle infected with Taenia saginata metacestodes","volume":"76","author":"Vansteenkiste","year":"1998","journal-title":"Vet. Parasitol."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Del Brutto, O.H. (2022). Human Neurocysticercosis: An Overview. Pathogens, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens11101212"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2115","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.40.6.2115-2118.2002","article-title":"Laboratory diagnosis of human neurocysticercosis: Double-blind comparison of enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and electroimmunotransfer blot assay","volume":"40","author":"Correa","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e00424-18","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00424-18","article-title":"Laboratory Diagnosis of Neurocysticercosis (Taenia solium)","volume":"56","author":"Garcia","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2002.66.777","article-title":"Discrimination between active and inactive neurocysticercosis by metacestode excretory\/secretory antigens of Taenia solium in an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay","volume":"66","author":"Molinari","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"25","DOI":"10.1159\/000210019","article-title":"Epilepsy and neurocysticercosis: An incidence study in a Peruvian rural population","volume":"33","author":"Villaran","year":"2009","journal-title":"Neuroepidemiology"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1014","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2012.03037.x","article-title":"Neurocysticercosis: Is serology useful in the absence of brain imaging?","volume":"17","author":"Garcia","year":"2012","journal-title":"Trop. Med. Int. Health"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1016\/0034-5288(95)90098-5","article-title":"Development of a dot-enzyme immunoassay for the detection of circulating antigen in cattle infected with Taenia saginata cysticerci","volume":"58","author":"Draelants","year":"1995","journal-title":"Res. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.18-0697","article-title":"Performance of a Sandwich Antigen-Detection ELISA for the Diagnosis of Porcine Taenia solium Cysticercosis","volume":"100","author":"Bustos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"578","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.22-0598","article-title":"A Rapid Point-of-Care Assay for Cysticercosis Antigen Detection in Urine Samples","volume":"108","author":"Toribio","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3156.2006.01642.x","article-title":"Subarachnoidal and intraventricular human neurocysticercosis: Application of an antigen detection assay for the diagnosis and follow-up","volume":"11","author":"Bobes","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trop. Med. Int. Health"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E24","DOI":"10.3171\/2020.12.FOCUS201006","article-title":"Letter to the Editor. Diagnosis of subarachnoid neurocysticercosis","volume":"50","author":"Channel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurosurg. Focus"}],"container-title":["Pathogens"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-0817\/12\/4\/566\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T19:11:08Z","timestamp":1760123468000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-0817\/12\/4\/566"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,6]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]}},"alternative-id":["pathogens12040566"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pathogens12040566","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-0817"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-0817","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,6]]}}}