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Despite diabetes being a key risk factor for invasive disease, the pathological consequences during GBS infection remain poorly characterized. Here, we demonstrate the pathogenicity of the GBS90356-ST17 and COH1-ST17 strains in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. We show that GBS can spread through the bloodstream and colonize several tissues, presenting a higher bacterial count in diabetic-infected mice when compared to non-diabetic-infected mice. Histological sections of the lungs showed inflammatory cell infiltration, collapsed septa, and red blood cell extravasation in the diabetic-infected group. A significant increase in collagen deposition and elastic fibers were also observed in the lungs. Moreover, the diabetic group presented red blood cells that adhered to the valve wall and disorganized cardiac muscle fibers. An increased expression of KC protein, IL-1\u03b2, genes encoding immune cell markers, and ROS (reactive oxygen species) production was observed in diabetic-infected mice, suggesting GBS promotes high levels of inflammation when compared to non-diabetic animals. Our data indicate that efforts to reverse the epidemic of diabetes could considerably reduce the incidence of invasive infection, morbidity and mortality due to GBS.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12040580","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,12]],"date-time":"2023-04-12T02:08:11Z","timestamp":1681265291000},"page":"580","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Enhanced Vulnerability of Diabetic Mice to Hypervirulent Streptococcus agalactiae ST-17 Infection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2555-4582","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"J\u00e9ssica","family":"da Concei\u00e7\u00e3o Mendon\u00e7a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Physiology of Streptococci, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37916, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6759-1648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u00e3o Matheus","family":"Sobral Pena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Physiology of Streptococci, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7905-640X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noemi","family":"dos Santos Mac\u00eado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Physiology of Streptococci, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dayane","family":"de Souza Rodrigues","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Physiology of Streptococci, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dayane Alvarinho","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Helmintologia Romero Lascasas Porto, Department of Immunology, Microbiology e Parasitology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brady L.","family":"Spencer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 12800, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo Jos\u00e9","family":"Lopes-Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Helmintologia Romero Lascasas Porto, Department of Immunology, Microbiology e Parasitology, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5182-796X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lindsey R.","family":"Burcham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, TN 37916, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kelly S.","family":"Doran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO 12800, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prescilla Emy","family":"Nagao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Physiology of Streptococci, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2018.00437","article-title":"Group B Streptococcal Colonization, Molecular Characteristics, and Epidemiology","volume":"9","author":"Shabayek","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front. 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